Objective To summarize the experience of open heart operation on neonates with critical and complex congenital heart diseases and evaluate the methods of perioperative management. Methods From May 2001 to January 2003, 12 patients of neonates with congenital heart diseases underwent emergency operation. Their operating ages ranged from 6 to 30 days, the body weights were 2.8 to 4.5 kg. Their diagnoses included D-transposition of the great arteries in 4 cases, ventricular septal defect with atrial septal defect in 5 cases, complete atrioventricular septal defect, obstructed supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage and cardiac rhabdomyomas in 1 case respectively. 12 cases were operated under moderate or deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Results All cases were observed in ICU for 2-11 days and discharged 7-19 days after operation. The postoperative complications included low cardiac output, mediastinal infection, respiratory distress syndrome, systemic capillary leak syndrome and acute renal failure. All cases were cured and the follow-up (from 6 months to 2 years) showed satisfactory outcome. Conclusion A particular cardiopulmonary bypass and proper perioperative management is very important to ensure the successful outcome. Peritoneal dialysis is an effective and safe method for treating acute renal failure after cardiac operation in neonates.
Objective To reveal the significance of D2-40/CK19 dual immunohistochemistry for micrometastasis of peripancreatic neural plexus in patients with pancreatic cancer. Methods Between January 2006 and January 2007, 44 patients with pancreatic duct adenocarcinoma underwent extended radical resection. Conventional hematoxylin/eosin staining and double immunohistochemical staining using CK19 and D2-40 were used to determine peripancreatic neural invasion and lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI) in peripancreatic neural plexus tissues. Results D2-40 immunohistochemistry showed brown-yellow tube-like lymph vessels. The lymph vessel of peripancreatic nerve plexus followed vascular and perineurium, and the lymph vessel adjacent to peripheral nerve fascicles owned tube-like structure. CK19 immunohistochemistry showed cytoplasm of pancreatic cancer cell was red. The LVI was observed in lymphatic capillaries. Peripancreatic neural plexus invasion was found in 30 cases (68.2%), tumor cell invading presented in lymph vessels of peripancreatic neural plexus in 21 patients (47.7%) with pancreatic cancer. The peripancreatic neural plexus invasion was associated with LVI (P=0.003). The plexus of pancreatic capitalis and celiac plexus were respectively confirmed to be the spot with the highest lymphatic vessel density and the maximal incidence of neural plexus invasion simultaneously. Conclusions Patients with pancreatic cancer should be given the opportunity of radical operation combining related peripancreatic neural plexus as far as possible. The dual immunohistochemical staining with anti-CK19 and anti-D2-40 monoclonal antibodies should be a new method in research of perineural invasion of pancreatic cancer, exhibiting both the pancreatic cancer cells and lymph vessels clearly and distinctly.
目的 評價喉罩聯合T型密封接頭通氣在新生兒無痛纖維支氣管鏡（纖支鏡）診治中的臨床效果。 方法 對2010年3月－2012年10月收治的33例擬行纖支鏡診治的新生患兒，分為喉罩組（Ⅰ組）和常規組（Ⅱ組），兩組患兒在術前半小時均靜脈注射咪唑安定0.2～0.3 mg/kg基礎上，Ⅰ組靜脈注射枸櫞酸芬太尼3～5 μg/kg，置入喉罩聯合T型密封接頭通氣下行纖支鏡診治；Ⅱ組常規表面麻醉下行纖支鏡診治。分析術前（T1）、通過聲門（T2）、診治中（T3）、檢查后（T4），脈搏血氧飽和度（SpO2）、心率（HR）的變化情況、纖支鏡從T型密封接頭入口或鼻孔到通過聲門的時間、鏡檢時間、支氣管肺泡灌洗次數、鏡檢期間不良反應（嗆咳、憋氣、肢體運動、呼吸道損傷）及麻醉滿意度（由內鏡醫師評價）。 結果 Ⅰ組與Ⅱ組比較，T1、T4時間點SpO2、HR差異無統計學意義，T2、T3時間點SpO2＜85%、HR＜100次/min的發生率Ⅰ組與Ⅱ組比較差異有統計學意義（P＜0.01）；纖支鏡從T型密封接頭入口或鼻孔到通過聲門時間差異無統計學意義（P＞0.05）；Ⅱ組鏡檢時間短于Ⅰ組，支氣管肺泡灌洗次數少于Ⅰ組；Ⅰ組不良反應低于Ⅱ組，麻醉滿意度高于Ⅱ組（P＜0.05）。 結論 喉罩聯合T型密封接頭通氣在新生兒無痛纖支鏡診治氣道管理安全有效可行，醫師能從容操作。
Objective To observe the performance of hyperspectral non-mydriatic fundus camera prototype and its application on ocular fundus diseases. Methods The narrow band filters was inserted into the optical path of the Canon non-mydriatic retinal camera (CR-DGi). The image was converted to digital data by charge-coupled device (CCD), and then analyzed by hyperspectral data software. Twelve volunteers were examined by hyperspectral nonmydriatic fundus camera prototype to confirm the characteristic wavelength spectrums of ocular fundus diseases and the repeatability of prototype. Fifty-nine patients with ocular fundus diseases who underwent fluorescein angiography were also examined by hyperspectral non-mydriatic fundus camera prototype, to compared the images of prototype and fluorescein angiography. Results Each of the highest power of the light at the focus point and the power per unit were safe. 536, 547, 579 nm were selected as the specific retinal imaging spectrums and 608 nm as the specific choroidal imaging spectrum. The intra-observer and inter-observer reproducibility was equal or greater than 0.85. The correlation between hyperspectral non-mydriatic fundus camera prototype and fluorescein angiography in choroidal neovascularization patients were 0.782 and 0.833. Conclusions The hyperspectral nonmydriatic fundus camera prototype is safe and reliable. It shows pathological retinal and choroidal structures with specific spectrums. There are good prospects for the application in clinical diagnosis, especially for macular diseases.
ObjectiveTo study changes in choroidal thickness(CT) with intravitreal injections of ranibizumab treatment. MethodsThis is a prospective, uncontrolled, open-label study. A total of 31 eyes of 31 patients diagnosed with wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and 33 eyes of 33 patients diagnosed with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to pathological myopia (PM) were included in the study. All affected eyes were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab 0.05 ml (10 mg/ml) and followed up monthly until 6 months. Enhanced depth imaging on Cirrus spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was used to measure the CT. The initial CT was compared with the data at 1, 3 and 6 month after treatment, and the correlation between of the decrease of CT at the 6 month and the number of injection times was analyzed. ResultsIn AMD group, the average CT respectively decreased by (9.68±11.02), (12.58±11.04), (13.84±11.67)μm at 1, 3 and 6 month, and the differences were significant(t=4.89, 6.34, 6.60;P < 0.001). In PM group, the average CT respectively decreased by (2.06±10.92), (3.64±8.78), (3.27±7.20)μm at 1, 3 and 6 month. The difference at 1 month was not significant (t=1.08, P=0.287). While after 3 months and 6 months, the differences were significant(t=2.38, 2.61;P=0.024, 0.014). The injection times were not correlated with the CT decreases at 6 month in both groups(r=0.04, 0.30;P=0.815, 0.099). ConclusionIntravitreal injections of ranibizumab can induce choroidal thickness reduction for wet age-related macular degeneration and choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathologic myopia.