The prevention and control of chronic diseases is a major need that urgently needs to be solved in China. Traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in preventing and treating chronic diseases. However, insufficient patient engagement may be found in the selection and evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. In recent years, patient-centered clinical research has become a hot topic. A patient-centered methodological framework is proposed for the selection and evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine for preventing and treating chronic diseases. It incorporates some patient-centered studies based on the evidence-based medicine practice model, and will provide a scientific basis for screening traditional Chinese medicine for preventing and treating chronic diseases, improving the efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine services, improving price policies, and updating medical insurance catalogs.
目的 了解成都市社區老年慢性病患者對關愛的感知和需求，為更好地關愛老年慢性病患者提供依據。 方法 于2011年8月－10月采用隨機抽樣和問卷調查的方法，對成都市玉林社區、二仙橋社區、草堂街社區和駟馬橋社區的180名老年慢性病患者的關愛感知和需求進行調查，并根據調查結果提出相應對策。 結果 180例老年慢性病患者中有98.89%能感受到關愛，1.11%自覺缺乏關愛；感知到的關愛主要來源于家庭成員,占91.01%，其次來源于親戚朋友和鄰居，占7.87%，最少來源于單位同事，占1.12%。關愛需求主要為家人團聚、關心體貼、尊重理解、日常照顧和心理情感支持、幫助解決困難、給予經濟資助、提供情感支持等；護理關愛需求以尊重理解排在首位，其次是慢性病日常護理、慢性病的防治、老年保健和慢性病基本知識等。 結論 加強對社區衛生服務人員的能力培訓，強化尊老愛老家庭氛圍和社會風氣，提高老年慢性病患者的關愛感知，有效地為老年慢性病患者提供關愛，更好地促進他們的健康。
Backgroud Chronic hepatitis is the major infectious disease of liver. There is no effective drug for it up to now. Clinical trials have showed that glycyrrhizin have potentional effective for chronic hepatitis. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness, safety and economics of glycyrrhizin for chronic hepatitis B and C. Search strategy The search terms include glycyrrhizin and its products’ name, chronic hepatitis and chronic carrier status. The thais registers of the Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group, the Cochrane Complementary Medicine Field, and the central database of The Cochrane Library as well as MEDLINE, EMBASE and Chinese Biomedical CD Database were searched from their date of inception onward. And the free Internet search was operated to find ongoing and unpublished researches. Twenty Chinese medical journals and relevant academic conference proceedings have been searched by manual method. The reference lists of identified documents were checked as the complementary search. Inclusion criteria All randomized trials that tested glycryyhizin for chronic hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection were included in this review. Method of the review According to the principle of Cochrane systematic review, selection of thai for inclusion, assessment of methodological quality, data extraction and data syntheses were conducted by two reviewers.
Patients with chronic diseases usually face severe challenges during their transition from hospital to home, such as poor discharge preparation, the increased incidence of medical errors, insufficient self-care capability, and poor participation in healthcare decision, which can result in increased readmission and poor patient safety. This paper reviews the definition of transitional care, single-element transitional care intervention strategy, and multiple-element transitional care intervention strategy, in order to provide new insights into the development of effective and safe transitional care strategies in China.
長期以來人們一直將吸煙, 包括吸煙成癮看作是一種習慣, 并沒有將其視為一種疾病。這樣使得戒煙變得很困難和復雜。吸煙之所以長期廣泛流行并造成十分嚴重的社會經濟危害, 原因包括一系列生物、心理、社會因素, 其中最重要的原因是由于香煙煙霧中的尼古丁是一種可以使人成癮的物質, 使得吸煙人產生煙草依賴。1998 年世界衛生組織正式提出煙草依賴是一種慢性病, 列入國際疾病分類( ICD-10,F17. 2) 。這在吸煙與控煙歷史上具有劃時代的意義, 將會使控煙工作從此進入一個與以往不同的時代。
This paper introduces the background and research design (including site of investigation, study population, baseline survey and follow-up monitoring), which belongs to the Precision Medicine Project of the National Key Research and Development Program of China.
Objective To evaluate the application effect of quality control circle (QCC) in improving the number of cases received in the follow-up management of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods The outpatient and inpatient CKD patients who were filed in the CKD follow-up management center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from March 10 to October 10, 2020 were selected. We analyzed the reasons that affected CKD patients’ willingness to file by carrying out QCC, improved the case collection by establishing standardized processes, broadened the collection channels, established a collective team, strengthened training management and education of CKD patients and their families, so as to increase the number of cases received in CKD follow-up management. Then, we observed the score of active ability of QCC members before and after this activity. Results After the implementation of QCC activities, the number of follow-up cases increased from 8 per month to 15 per month. The target achievement rate was 140%, and the progress rate was 87.5%. The ability of all circle members in the evaluation indicators of team training has been improved. Conclusions QCC activity can effectively improve the number of cases received in CKD follow-up management. It is helpful for the medical staff to provide better disease management for CKD patients.
Chronic disease is a major threat to human health. Fundus disease has become a major ophthalmic disease affecting daily life. Although great breakthroughs have been made in the treatment, compared with other chronic disease management, the management of patients with fundus disease is still in its infancy. To strengthen the management exploration of patients with fundus diseases, establish a management model of fundus diseases and strive to improve patients' awareness of fundus diseases and adherence to treatment and follow-up are the great challenges at present. All ophthalmic centers should strengthen patient education, establish a regional cooperation network, support the construction of grassroots medical capacity, cultivate talents, enhance training, promote the standardized treatment of fundus diseases, standardize fundus imaging inspection and diagnosis, and promote the homogeneous construction of diagnosis and treatment of chronic fundus diseases. We will accelerate the construction of a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system and the ability to link consultation and referral. Through systematic management and intervention of fundus diseases, a large number of patients with fundus diseases will receive early screening, diagnosis, standardized continuous treatment and systematic management, and improve the quality of life of patients with fundus diseases.
Objective To evaluate the quality of studies assessing the value of serum hyaluronic acid in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis, to analyze the sources of bias and variation, and to estimate the accuracy of serum hyaluronic acid in diagnosing early liver cirrhosis and liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.Methods We searched MEDLINE (1966 to June 2006), EMbase (1974 to June 2006), CBMdisc (1978 to April 2005), CNKI (2005 to June 2006) and VIP (2005 to June 2006) for studies assessing the diagnostic value of serum hyaluronic acid for liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. We checked the references in the reports of included studies. QUADAS items were used for quality assessment. Meta-disc software was used to analyze sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic test odds ratio for the pooled analysis and heterogeneity test. DPS2005 software was used to draw SROC curves for those without heterogeneity. Results In total 24 studies were included: 12 published in Chinese and 12 published in English. Results of the pooled analysis showed that, as for radioimmunoassay (RIA), the pooled LR+ of the studies involving the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and the differentiation of absent/present liver fibrosis were 7.029 and 3.608; and the pooled LR- were 0.198 and 0.319, respectively. As for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the pooled LR+ of the studies involving the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis, the differentiation of mild/severe and absent/present liver fibrosis were 6.093, 9.806 and 4.308; and the pooled LR- were 0.354, 0.347 and 0.563, respectively. Conclusion The biases identified from the 24 studies are mainly due to reference standard review bias. By both RIA and ELISA methods, serum hyaluronic acid has a sound value in diagnosing live cirrhosis. Its value in differentiating absent/present liver fibrosis is also acceptable. However, its value in differentiating mild/severe liver fibrosis needs to be further studied.