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早期乳酸清除率對重癥感染患者預后的評估研究

目的 分析早期乳酸清除率對重癥感染患者預后的臨床評估價值。方法 選取2009 年1 月至2011 年12 月收治的248 例重癥感染患者為研究對象進行回顧性分析。根據患者轉歸分為生存組和死亡組, 比較兩組一般資料、APACHEⅡ 評分、膿毒癥休克發生率、初始血乳酸濃度和治療 6 h的乳酸清除率差異。根據乳酸清除率水平分為高乳酸清除率組和低乳酸清除率組, 比較兩組一般資料、APACHEⅡ評分、膿毒癥休克發生率、初始血乳酸濃度和病死率的差異。結果 生存組和死亡組患者的一般資料、APACHEⅡ評分、初始血乳酸濃度間的差異均無統計學意義( P gt;0. 05) 。生存組乳酸清除率明顯高于死亡組[ ( 32. 6 ±11. 3) % 比( 15. 2 ±10. 1) % , P = 0. 024] , 而膿毒癥休克發生率明顯低于死亡組( 30. 9% 比87. 5% , P = 0. 019) 。高乳酸清除率組的膿毒癥休克發生率( 34. 6% 比 53. 7%) 及死亡率( 25. 5% 比61. 1% ) 明顯低于低乳酸清除率組( P 均lt;0. 05) 。結論 早期乳酸清除率可用于早期評估重度感染患者的預后轉歸。

玻璃體切割手術后鞏膜切口真菌性感染一例

玻璃體切割術治療兒童感染性眼內炎

充填式無張力疝修補術后網塞感染的探討及處理

玻璃體切割手術治療外源性感染性眼內炎的療效觀察

Pathogenesis of Immune Dysfunction in Surgical Infection

Association between Chlamydia Pneumoniae Infection and Cerebral Infarction: A Meta-analysis

Objective　To review the association between chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) infection and cerebral infarction. Methods　We electronically searched MEDLINE, BIOSIS, VIP database, and China Full Text Journal Database from Jan. 1990 through Dec. 2007 to identify case-control studies about the association of CP and cerebral infarction. The quality of the included studies was assessed and the RevMan 4.2 software was used for meta-analyses. Results　A total of 22 studies were included. The results of meta-analyses showed: ① When the microimmunofluorescence (MIF) method was used to examine CP antibody in serum, the positive rate of the cerebral infarction group was higher than that of the control group when the positive infection was defined by IgA≥1?16 [n=8, OR=2.18, 95%CI (1.49 to 3.49), Plt;0.0001]; but when positive infection was defined by IgA≥1?32 (n=3), IgG≥1?32 (n=6), or IgG≥1?64 (n=5), there were no significant differences in the positive rate between the two groups [OR (95%CI) were 1.47 (0.97 to 2.24), 1.24 (0.82 to 1.86), and 1.23 (0.98 to 1.55), respectively]; ② When the ELISA method was used to examine CP-IgG antibody in serum, the positive rate of the cerebral infarction group was higher than that of the controlled group [n=8, OR=2.40, 95%CI (1.42 to 4.06), P=0.000 2]. ③ The acute and chronic CP infections were associated with the incidence of cerebral infarction [n=4, OR=7.22, 95%CI (2.68 to 19.49); n=4, OR=4.30, 95%CI (3.40 to 7.40)]. Conclusion　① The association between CP infection and cerebral infarction is determined by the positive criterion. IgA antibody is more sensitive than the IgG antibody. When the positive infection is determined by IgA≥1?16, CP infection is associated with cerebral infarction. ② The results of ELISA for examining CP-IgG support the association between CP infection and cerebral infarction. ③ Both acute and chronic CP infections are associated with cerebral infarction, but these associations needed to be proven by more scientific studies.

慢性阻塞性肺疾病院內下呼吸道腸球菌屬感染及耐藥分析

【摘要】 目的 調查和總結COPD 住院患者院內下呼吸道腸球菌屬感染及耐藥情況。方法 回顧性分析舟山市第三人民醫院呼吸內科2004 年8 月至2010 年8 月院內發生下呼吸道腸球菌屬感染的122 例COPD患者的臨床資料和耐藥情況。結果 從合格痰標本中共分離出腸球菌122 株, 其中糞腸球菌占72. 1% , 屎腸球菌占27. 9% 。對抗菌藥物的耐藥率普遍較高, 但所有菌株對利奈唑烷和萬古霉素均敏感, 屎腸球菌的耐藥率明顯高于糞腸球菌。屎腸球菌和糞腸球菌對慶大霉素的耐藥率均高于鏈霉素。高齡, 合并基底節腦梗死、腫瘤、腸道革蘭陰性桿菌感染, 侵入性操作, 長期住院及持續應用抗菌藥物均是COPD 患者院內感染腸球菌屬的危險因素。結論 住院COPD 患者易發生院內腸球菌屬感染, 臨床治療應合理應用抗菌藥物、遵守侵入性操作的無菌原則及規范醫務人員洗手。

Analysis of 598 Cases of Nosocomial Infection in a New Comprehensive Hospital

ObjectiveTo understand the characteristics of and risk factors for nosocomial infection in a newly built branch of a university teaching hospital, in order to investigate the control measures for prevention and control of nosocomial infection. MethodsA total of 598 cases of nosocomial infection from April 2012 to June 2014 were enrolled in this study. We analyzed statistically such indexes as nosocomial infection rate, infection site, pathogen detection, and use of antibiotics. Meantime, infection point-prevalence survey was introduced by means of medical record checking and bedside visiting. ResultsAmong all the 44 085 discharged patients between April 2012 and June 2014, there were 598 cases of nosocomial infection with an infection rate of 1.36%. Departments with a high nosocomial infection rate included Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (9.79%), Department of Orthopedics (2.98%), Department of Geriatrics (2.62%), and Department of Hematology (1.64%). The top four nosocomial infection sites were lower respiratory tract (45.32%), urinary tract (13.21%), operative incision (8.86%), and blood stream (8.86%). The samples of 570 nosocomial infections were delivered for examination with a sample-delivering rate of 95.32%. The most common pathogens were acinetobacter Baumanii (17.02%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.21%), Escherichia coli (13.68%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.93%), and Staphylococcus aureus (9.12%). And urinary tract intubation (42.81%), admission of ICU (28.60%), and application of corticosteroid and immunosuppressive agents (26.42%) were the top three independent risk factors for nosocomial infection. ConclusionGeneral and comprehensive monitoring is an effective method for the hospital to detect high-risk departments, factors and patients for nosocomial infection, providing a theoretical basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infection.

Meta-Analysis of Procalcitonin-Guided Antibiotics Therapy in Patients with Severe Bacterial Infections in ICU

Objective To evaluate systematically the effectiveness and safety of procalcitonin ( PCT) -guided therapy in comparison with standard therapy in patients with suspected or confirmed severe bacterial infections in intensive care unit ( ICU) . Methods Five randomized controlled trials ( 927 patients) were included for statistical analysis by the cochrane collaboration′s RevMan5. 0 software. Results PCT-guided therapy was associated with a significant reduction in duration of antibiotic therapy [ MD =- 2. 01, 95% CI ( - 2. 37, - 1. 64) , P lt;0. 00001] , but the mortality [ OR =1. 11, 95% CI ( 0. 83, 1. 49) ,P =0. 47] and length of ICU stay[ MD = 0. 49, 95% CI( - 1. 44, 2. 42) , P = 0. 62] were not significantly different. Conclusions An algorithmbased on serial PCT measurements would allow a more judicious use of antibiotics than currently traditional treatment of patients with severe infections in ICU. It can reduce the use of antibiotics and appears to be safe.