A new urine analysis core module based on high performance 32-bit microprocessor and high precision color sensor was presented. A novel optical structure and a specific circuit were applied to improve measurement precision and temperature was used to compensate for results in this core module. The information of urine test peice, such as all original data and color RGB value, reflectivity, semi-quantitative level, etc. can be output. The results showed that the measuring precision was about 95% or above with ideal stability and reliability using this presented core module, which can be conveniently applied in various urine analyzers, and can greatly decrease the cost of urine analyzers in development and production.
目的 對尿液特征組分與糖尿病早期腎損害的關系進行了初步探索。 方法 對2011年12月－2012年5月間28例2型糖尿病組、33例2型糖尿病腎病組及26例健康對照組尿液中尿蛋白含量和幾種常見非蛋白氮物質，包括肌酸、尿囊素、肌酐、尿酸和假尿嘧啶核苷的濃度進行測定，采用多種歸一化方法對數據進行對比分析，并通過t檢驗減少高效液相色譜測定的變量信息，保留P＜0.05的檢出峰進行主成分分析，獲得分類結果。 結果 采用體積歸一化方法，發現健康對照組尿液中肌酸、尿囊素和尿酸的含量與2型糖尿病組和糖尿病腎病組相比，差異均有統計學意義（P＜0.05），2型糖尿病組尿液中尿蛋白的濃度與糖尿病腎病組相比，差異有統計學意義（P＜0.05）。 結論 通過肌酸、尿囊素、尿酸和尿蛋白的聯合測定為腎臟損傷程度的監測及療效觀察提供依據，為2型糖尿病患者腎功能損壞的早期預防與診斷進行初步判斷提供了新的方法。
ObjectiveTo review the current progresses in purification strategies, biological characters, and the uses in tissue engineering of urine-derived stem cells (USCs). MethodsRecent relevant publications on the USCs were extensively reviewed, analyzed, and summarized. ResultsUSCs, usually isolated by adherence screening method, are a population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-like somatic stem cells possessing robust self-renew and multi-potential differentiation ability. Combined with using appropriate biomaterials and biological molecules, USCs can be used as a good cell source for tissue engineering. ConclusionAn alluring prospect exists on the USCs-related research. Further studies are required to investigate the origin, individual differences, and the therapeutic values of USCs.
Objective To explore the effects of human urine-derived stem cells (hUSCs) and hUSCs combined with chondroitinase ABC (chABC) on the expressions of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the spinal cord injury (SCI) of rats, and to investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods hUSCs were cultured from human urine, and their phenotypes were detected by flow cytometry. The SCI model of rats were made via Allen method. Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups (n=12): the sham operation group (group A), SCI group (group B), SCI+hUSCs group (group C), SCI+chABC group (group D), and SCI+hUSCs+chABC group (group E). Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) score was used to measure the lower extremity motor function of rats in each group at 10, 20, and 30 days after operation. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the relative mRNA expressions of NGF and BDNF at 30 days. Meanwhile, the protein expression of NGF and BDNF were confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining. The relative protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by Western blot. Results The hUSCs were identified to have multipotential differentiation potential. At 10, 20, and 30 days, BBB score was significantly lower in group B than in groups A, C, D, and E, in groups C, D, and E than in group A, in groups C and D than in group E (P<0.05). Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry staining demonstrated that the expressions of NGF and BDNF were significantly lower in group B than in groups A, C, D, and E, in groups C, D, and E than in group A, in groups C and D than in group E (P<0.05); but there was no significant difference between groups C and D (P>0.05). Western blot results indicated that the protein expression of Bax was significantly higher in group B than in groups A, C, D, and E, in groups C, D, and E than in group A, in groups C and D than in group E (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the protein expression of Bcl-2 was significantly lower in group B than in groups A, C, D, and E, in groups C, D, and E than in group A, in groups C and D than in group E (P<0.05). Conclusion hUSCs can protect SCI and this positive effect can be enhanced by chABC; this neuro-protective effect may depend on promoting the expressions of NGF and BDNF, and suppressing the neuronal apoptosis.
目的:比較鏡檢法和尿液分析儀檢測白細胞的差異。 方法: 用兩種方法測定900例尿液標本中的白細胞,并對其結果進行比較分析。結果:兩種方法檢測結果有明顯差異(Plt;005),以鏡檢法為標準,尿液分析儀檢測白細胞假陽性率為169%,假陰性率為158%。結論: 檢測尿液白細胞時鏡檢法和尿液分析儀盡量結合應用,以減少假陰性率和假陽性率,保證檢驗結果的準確性。
目的：測定妊娠期肝內膽汁淤積癥(ICP)患者血清及尿液的膽汁酸水平，探討ICP時母體膽汁酸轉運的變化及意義。方法：ICP患者(ICP組)及正常妊娠(對照組)各20例。血清及尿液總膽汁酸測定采用速率法。結果：(1)ICP組與對照組相比，血清及尿液中總膽汁酸水平均明顯升高，差異有顯著性(Plt;0.05)；(2)對照組尿液總膽汁酸水平明顯高于血清，差異有顯著性(Plt;0.05)，而ICP組血清和尿液總膽汁酸水平無顯著性差異(Pgt;0.05)；(3)兩組中血清與尿液總膽汁酸水平均無相關性(Pgt;0.05)。結論：ICP患者母血中總膽汁酸水平明顯增加，而總膽汁酸經尿液的排泄未成比例增加，這可加重膽汁淤積，引起圍產兒不良結局。
Objective To investigate the clinical application value of GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)/ rifampin (RIF) in urine samples for tuberculosis diagnosis. Methods The patients with clinically highly suspected tuberculosis admitted to West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 1, 2018 and June 1, 2023 were selected retrospectively. The diagnostic efficacy of urine GeneXpert MTB/RIF detection, such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate its clinical value in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Correlation analysis was further conducted to explore the correlation between positive levels of GeneXpert MTB/RIF in urine samples and laboratory test indicators. Results A total of 400 patients were included. Among them, 163 cases were in the clinical tuberculosis group and 237 cases were in the clinical non tuberculosis group. In the clinical tuberculosis group, 112 cases were urogenital tuberculosis patients and 51 cases were non-urogenital tuberculosis patients. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of urine GeneXpert MTB/RIF in the diagnosis of tuberculosis were 55.2%, 97.5%, 93.8% and 76.0%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of urine GeneXpert MTB/RIF in the diagnosis of urogenital tuberculosis were 65.2%, 92.0%, 76.0% and 87.2%, respectively, and the diagnostic sensitivity was further improved. Correlation analysis showed that the positive degree of urine GeneXpert MTB/RIF was correlated with the levels of hemoglobin, serum total protein, blood serum albumin, and other indicators. Conclusions Urine GeneXpert MTB/RIF detection offers high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, especially in urogenital tuberculosis, which is helpful for the early and rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis patients. The positive degree reported by the GeneXpert MTB/RIF in urine may indicate disease severity.