Objective To evaluate the performance on the project of health system recovery using World Bank loan for ‘5.12’ Wenchuan earthquake after three years of these projects have been finished. Methods From March to December 2016, we formulated evaluation frameworks and indicators, used statistical reports and surveys to collect data of the 60 post-earthquake recovery projects using World Bank loan in Chengdu, Deyang and some other cities. Data of pre-earthquake (2007) and post-earthquake (2015) were compared. The evaluation indicators included institutional size, institutional environment, institutional services and social benefits. A descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software. Results Compared with the year of 2007, in 2015, the building and utilized for business purpose areas of loan benefited hospitals increased 4.49 and 3.58 times, respectively. The budgeted and actual beds count increased 43% and 55%, respectively. All inside structure and processes of hospitals were optimized, and green areas, parking slots and waiting areas increased greatly. Headcount of budgeted and actual increased 15.09% and 70.31%, respectively. Qualifications of healthcare technicians were improved in country level hospitals as well; there were more undergraduates and more senior competent personnel. In maternal and child health care hospitals and township hospitals, more diploma holders and personnel who had passed the middle level professional appraisals were observed. Numbers of hospital treatments, hospitalizations counts, numbers of surgeries performed increased 2.0, 2.1, and 2.0 times, respectively. Accuracy of diagnosis on hospitalized counts increased 3.12%. Utilizations of bed counts increased from 63.87% to 66.53%. The average duration of hospitalizations decreased from 7.36 days to 7.10 days. Numbers of clinical and surgery types increased 928 and 285, respectively. Both customer and staff satisfactory score reached 4.5 points in 2015. Conclusion The completed projects of health system recovery using World Bank loan for ‘5.12’ Wenchuan earthquake is running well, and meet the expectations.
In the rescue that follows a major natural disaster, blood donation is a unique, necessary method to assist the injured. To achieve effective assurance of the blood supply for medical rescue in an orderly fashion, the current procedure must be adjusted by using scientific prediction, analysis, and adaptation. After the process of ensuring the blood supply for medical rescue during the Wenchuan Earthquake, the Ministry of Health of China, with great efforts, continues to investigate and reflect upon the application of the above principals during actual practice. Objectively, these efforts will lead to better results and establish a standard supplying blood during a disaster rescue.
目的:探討5·12地震災區11～16歲少年兒童的心理健康狀況及其影響因素，為下一步開展創傷后心理危機干預提供依據。方法:在地震發生后一個月，使用長處與困難問卷（SDQ）學生版，調查了1268名來自于災區的少年兒童（平均年齡14.20±1.02歲，男女比例1:1.02）的心理健康狀況及其影響因素。結果:（1）災區少年兒童SDQ總困難因子平均得分為13.66±5.75，74.9%的人報告自身存在主觀困難；（2）女性的總困難因子、情緒因子、親社會因子得分高于男性（z=-4.317，-7.963，-3.717；Pslt;0.001）；（3）困難對少年兒童社會功能的影響程度隨年齡增加（χ2=7.684，P=0.021）。年齡越大，多動因子得分有增加的趨勢（χ2=13.881，P=0.001）；（4）重度暴露組其總困難因子、情緒因子、影響因子得分高于輕度暴露組（z=-2.374，-4.279，-2.114；Pslt;0.05），困難造成的主觀精神困擾程度前組高于后組（z=-2.920，P=0.004）；（5）女性、高年齡者、教師/同學傷亡較重者、震后被轉移至安全的帳篷或房屋的間隔時間越長者，SDQ總困難因子異常的危險性越高。結論:震后災區少年兒童的心理健康狀況受到暴露水平、性別、年齡以及震后被轉移至安全地點的時間的影響，心理干預應綜合考慮相關因素。
目的 觀察社區康復護理對地震傷截癱患者的療效。 方法 2008年12月－2009年6月，選取都江堰市多家醫院共87例康復期地震傷截癱患者，其中觀察組選取在社區采取康復護理措施的患者，對照組選取在住院期間進行健康宣教和出院時按常規進行出院指導的患者，比較兩組研究對象的日常生活活動能力、并發癥發生率和治療效果。 結果 觀察組日常生活活動能力優于對照組（F=8.042，P=0.009），并發癥發生率低于對照組（泌尿系統感染：χ2=6.464，P=0.011），治療效果優于對照組（U=598.500，P=0.001）。 結論 社區康復護理有利于改善地震傷截癱患者的日常生活活動能力并預防并發癥，對提高患者的生存質量有著十分重要的意義。
During the medical rescue after Wenchuan earthquake, the Department of Appliances and Materials of West China Hospital took prompt action to ensure the regular operation of hospital devices and facilities. Meanwhile, owing to its specialized superiority of material and appliance purchase as well as the optimized processes for material and appliance supply, the hospital ensured the effective supply of disaster relief materials and efficiently managed the consumption of donated materials. From May 12 to 30, a total of 2 200 000 pieces of medical materials (total value RMB 3 770 000 Yuan) and 220 sets of medical appliance (total value RMB 9 000 000 Yuan) were purchased as part of the immediate medical rescue response to the earthquake.
After the devastating Wenchuan earthquake, a rapid response with emergency logistic support was the basis for medical rescue. This article describes the timely and scientific measures taken by the Department of Logistics of West China Hospital shortly after the Wenchuan earthquake, based on a series of workflows that were predefined to provide an emergency response for any unexpected events. This logistic workflow may contribute to the emergency response to similar unexpected events in the future.
目的:了解地震中的不同經歷(即自己是否受傷,是否目睹他人受傷、死亡和房屋垮塌)與災區初中生災后一月抑郁問題的關系。方法: 地震發生后一月在災區某初級中學校隨機選取初一到初三的學生共1382人進行一般情況、地震經歷相關情況及DSRSC問卷調查。根據受試者有無以上經歷將DSRSC量表得分分為兩組。用SPSS11.5統計軟件對數據進行分析。結果: 受傷者與未受傷者震后一月DSRSC評分存在差異(P=0.001),受傷者重于未受傷者;目睹他人受傷者與未目睹他人受傷者震后一月DSRSC評分存在差異(P=0.005),目睹他人受傷者重于未目睹他人受傷者;目睹他人死亡者與未目睹他人死亡者震后一月DSRSC評分無差異(P=0.061);目睹房屋垮塌與未目睹房屋垮塌者震后一月DSRSC評分無差異(P=0.498)。結論:地震中不同經歷對初中生災后出現的抑郁問題有不同影響,因此對有不同經歷者進行針對性的干預有利于減少災后嚴重心理衛生問題的出現。
目的:了解地震住院傷員的身心狀態,進行針對性心理干預。方法:采用方便抽樣,應用作者根據應激理論設計的應激身心反應調查表［1］,通過對地震傷員的觀察和訪談,對在2008年5月12日至5月30日在四川大學華西醫院住院的371名地震傷員進行身心狀態的評估,并進行有針對性的心理干預。結果:①地震傷員災后急性期心身應激反應較嚴重,其中出現頻率最多的癥狀是睡眠困難,對突然的噪音或聲音感到緊張害怕,心情沮喪,感到身體緊張,心情難以平靜;②不同性別地震傷員身心反應存在一定差異,女性反應癥狀重于男性;③年齡在小于12歲、12～18歲和41～50歲年齡段地震傷員的身心反應與其他年齡段地震傷員的身心反應存在差異;④地震傷員的身心反應與其性別、年齡、文化、個人受傷情況有關。結論:地震傷員災后身心反應嚴重,急性期給予針對性心理干預十分重要。