The infection of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can result in severe consequences, including chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer. Effective antiviral treatment has the potential to slow down the progression of the disease. HBV serum biomarkers play a crucial role in the dynamic management of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. However, the conventional hepatitis B virus markers, such as hepatitis B serologic testing and HBV DNA, are insufficient to meet the clinical requirements. This review provided a comprehensive overview of the current research on the quantification of HBsAg and anti-HBc, HBV RNA and HBV core-associated antigen, which summarized the crucial role these markers play in the administration of antiviral medications, predicting the efficacy of treatment and anticipating the likelihood of virologic rebound following drug cessation, as well as assessing disease progression in CHB patients.
目的:探討成都市健康體檢人群乙型肝炎病毒血清流行病學狀況,并為乙型病毒性肝炎防治提供可靠依據。方法:收集2007年6月至2007年12月成都市體檢人群共計10112人,分別統計年齡、性別、乙型肝炎“兩對半”結果和肝功能。結果:成都市健康體檢人群HBsAg陽性率為4.62%,男性和女性HBsAg陽性率分別為6.0%和2.96%,男性明顯高于女性;乙型肝炎病毒感染者中HBeAg陽性和HBeAg陰性分別占16.1%和83.9%;抗HBs陽性率為56.94%,乙型肝炎標志物全陰為36.17%。結論:成都市健康體檢人群HBsAg陽性率明顯低于全國平均水平;乙型肝炎病毒感染者中HBeAg陰性占83.9%。
Drugs may induce hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation (HBV-R). Here we have reviewed the definition and harm of HBV-R, the risk drugs and their underlying mechanism, the influence factors, as well as the early intervention measures. It is shown that multiple drugs, including chemotherapy drugs, immunotherapy drugs, directly acting antivirals, cell therapy, etc., can induce HBV-R by affecting host immunity or directly activating HBV transcription factors. HBV-R could cause severe liver damage, even interruption of treatment of original diseases, affecting the prognosis of patients. Through precisely identifying risk drugs, monitoring the influence factors, and prescribing preventive anti-HBV regimen if necessary, the incidence of HBV-R can be significantly reduced. It is also suggested that clinical physicians should not only pay attention to the early identification and intervention of HBV-R, but also further study the mechanism of HBV-R in depth, especially the underlying mechanism between host, HBV and risk factors. This will help to promote the discovery of more valuable markers for risk prediction and targets for early intervention, and to further reduce the risk of HBV-R and improve the prognosis of patients.
ObjectiveTo explore the influence of paternal serum HBV-DNA load levels and pregnant women's HBsAb on vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) from HBsAg positive fathers to infants in order to provide effective methods for paternal-fetal ventrical transmission of HBV prevention. MethodsUsing HBsAg and HBV-DNA as indicators to screen pregnant women and their husbands after gained consent, 121 families with HBVM negative or only HBsAb positive and HBV-DNA negative pregnant women, HBsAg positive husbands and their newborns were selected. In this case-control study, according to neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA detection, 23 newborns with cord blood HBV-DNA positive were selected as cases, 98 newborns as controls. ResultsThe positive rate of neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA was 19.0% (23/121); and there was dose-response relationship between paternal serum HBV-DNA load levels and neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA positive (trend χ2=60.108, P=0.000). The analysis of ROC curve showed that paternal serum HBV-DNA load level (106 copies/mL) is a better demarcation point to forecast the occurrence of vertical transmission of HBV from HBsAg positive fathers to infants, because there was a better sensitivity and specificity during forecast; and HBsAb negative pregnant women's were statistically significant (χ2=12.399, P=0.000). There was no significant difference at the positive rate of neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA between the case group and control group when paternal serum HBV-DNA load levels exceed 107 copies/mL (P > 0.05). ConclusionPaternal serum HBV-DNA load levels and HBsAb negative pregnant women are the risk factors of vertical transmission of HBV from HBsAg positive father to infants. Paternal serum HBV-DNA load level (106 copies/mL) is an appropriate index of the occurrence of vertical transmission.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research status of the relationship between hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx), hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at home and abroad, and to prospect its clinical significance.MethodThe literatures about HBx, HBV genotypes and HCC were reviewed.ResultsThere was a close relationship between HBx and the occurrence, development, migration and metastasis of HCC. There was a certain association between HBV genotypes and HCC, but the specific mechanism had not been clarified.ConclusionsHBx and HBV genotypes play an important role in the occurrence and development of HCC. With the further study of molecular mechanism, it will promote the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer, and provide more individualized intervention for clinical workers.
ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of lamivudine combined with low-dose hepatitis B immune globulin to prevent HBV reinfection after liver transplantation. MethodsThe clinical data of 76 cases of HBV-related liver disease after liver transplantation using lamivudine combined with low-dose hepatitis B immune globulin to prevent HBV re-infection were retrospectively analyzed, and the HBV re-infection risk factors were analyzed. ResultsSeventy-six patients' HBsAg became negative after liver transplantation, HBV re-infect in 9 cases.The re-infection rate was 9.2% (7/76) and 11.8% (9/76), respectively, in 1-year and 2-year after liver transplantation. ConclusionsLamivudine combined with low-dose hepatitis B immune globulin after liver transplantation can be effective preventing re-infection with HBV.HBeAg positive and HBV-DNA positive before liver transplantation is risk factors of HBV re-infection.
Ｆｒｏｍ １９９０ ｔｏ １９９３， ｗｅ ｃａｒｒｉｅｄ ｏｎ ａ ｓｅｒｏｅｐｉｄｅｍｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌ ｓｕｒｖｅｙ ｏｎ ｈｅｐａｔｉｔｉｓ Ｂ ｖｉｒｕｓ （ＨＢＶ） ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ５２９７ ｇｅｎｅｒａｌ ｓｕｒｇｉｃａｌ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ． Ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ ｓｈｏｗｅｄ ｔｈａｔ ｔｈｅ ｐｏｓｉｔｉｖｅ ｒａｔｅｓ ｏｆ ＨＢｓＡｇ， ａｎｔｉＨＢｓ ａｎｄ ａｎｔｉＨＢｃ ｗｅｒｅ １９．４％ 、３５．９％ ａｎｄ ４１．１％ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ， ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｏｖｅｒａｌｌ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ＨＢＶ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｗａｓ ７０．５％， ｗｈｉｃｈ ｗａｓ ｍｕｃｈ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｇｅｎｅｒａｌ ｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ． Ｉｎ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｈｅｐａｔｏｂｉｌｉａｒｙ ｏｒ ｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｄｉｓｅａｓｅｓ， ｔｈｅ ＨＢｓＡｇ， ａｎｔｉＨＢｃ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｏｖｅｒａｌｌ ｒａｔｅ ｏｆ ＨＢＶ ｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｗｅｒｅ ３４．２％、５６．１％、８０．３％ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ， ｗｈｉｃｈ ｗｅｒｅ ｈｉｇｈｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈｏｓｅ ｏｆ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｇｅｎｅｒａｌ ｓｕｒｇｉｃａｌ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ．