Transcription factor p63 originates from p53 protein family and is encoded by TP63 gene. TP63 gene contains two different promoters encoding two proteins, TAp63 and ΔNp63, which can be cleaved to produce p63α, p63β, p63δ and some other subtypes. ΔNp63α is one of the promoters of TP63 gene and acts as a core regulatory factor to regulate gene expression at epigenetic and transcriptional levels. Recent research shows that ΔNp63α abnormal expression can lead to the occurrence of various malignant tumors and reduce the sensitivity of malignant tumors to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Therefore, ΔNp63α can be used as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for malignant tumors. This article reviews the latest research progress of ΔNp63α in the mechanism and drug resistance in malignant tumors.
目的:探討ΔNp63和Ki67在膀胱移行上皮癌(transitional cell carcinoma of bladder,TCCB)中的免疫組化表達及與膀胱癌病理分級、臨床病理分期和預后的相關性。方法:隨機選擇2006～2007年間56例TCCB和12例正常膀胱黏膜病理切片用SP免疫組化行ΔNp63和Ki67檢測,將結果與病理分級、分期和預后進行分析。結果:ΔNp63和Ki67在膀胱移行細胞癌中的陽性表達率明顯高于正常膀胱黏膜(Plt;005)。ΔNp63和Ki67在低分化、浸潤性癌組織中的陽性表達率明顯高于高分化、淺表性癌組織,在膀胱癌的病理分級和臨床分期之間表達差異有統計學意義(Plt;005)。ΔNp63和Ki67在復發病例中的陽性表達率顯著高于初發病例(Plt;005)。采用Spearman等級相關性分析對ΔNp63和Ki67在TCCB中的表達進行比較,ΔNp63與Ki67呈正相關,rs′為0316,且Plt;005。結論:ΔNp63和Ki67與膀胱癌的臨床病理分級和分期及預后密切相關,隨膀胱癌分化程度的降低和浸潤程度的增加而增強。ΔNp63和Ki67在TCCB的進展中可能有相互協同作用,ΔNp63可能通過促進細胞增殖發揮促癌作用,聯合檢測ΔNp63和Ki67可以作為判斷TCCB的預后的腫瘤標記物。