腦電圖檢查對自身免疫性腦炎的診斷進展_Journal of Epilepsy

Authors：

張祎凡 ^1,2 , 邵曉秋 ^1,2 ,  王群 ^1,2

1. ;
2. ;

Corresponding?author：

王群, Email: qwang64@163.com

Keywords：

自身免疫性腦炎; 腦電圖; 診斷

DOI：

10.7507/2096-0247.20190049

Video：

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對近年自身免疫性腦炎病例研究中腦電圖（EEG）的特點進行綜述。EEG 對于自身免疫性腦炎的診斷有著高于其他檢查的敏感性，常見的異常表現為彌漫性或局灶慢波改變，且近年發現極度 δ 刷為抗 N-甲基-D-天門冬氨酸受體腦炎相對特異性 EEG 改變，有助于對自身免疫性腦炎的診斷。但其他自身免疫性腦炎的 EEG 總結資料相對較少，應進一步進行總結研究。

Citation： 張祎凡, 邵曉秋, 王群. 腦電圖檢查對自身免疫性腦炎的診斷進展. Journal of Epilepsy, 2019, 5(4): 289-291. doi: 10.7507/2096-0247.20190049 Copy

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2.	Granerod J, Ambrose HE, Davies NW, et al. Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a multicentre, population-based prospective study. Lancet Infect Dis, 2010, 10(12): 835-844.
3.	王得新, 劉磊. 自身免疫性腦炎現代概念與分類. 中國實用內科雜志, 2012, 32(11): 824-825.
4.	Lancaster E. The diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune encephalitis. Clin Neurol, 2016, 12(1): 1-13.
5.	Wingfield T, McHugh C, Vas A, et al. Autoimmune encephalitis: acaseseriesandcomprehensivereviewof theliterature. QJM, 2011, 104(11): 921-931.
6.	Baysal-Kirac L, Tuzun E, Altindag E, et al. Are There any specific EEG findings in autoimmune epilepsies? Clin EEG Neurosci, 2016, 47(3): 224-234.
7.	Hacohen Y, Wright S, Waters P, et al. Paediatric autoimmune encephalopathies: clinical features, laboratory investigations and outcomes in patients with or without antibodies to known central nervous system autoantigens. Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2013, 84(7): 748-755.
8.	Guan HZ, Ren HT, Cui LY. Autoimmune encephalitis: anexpandingfrontierofneuroimmunology. Chin Med J (Engl), 2016, 129(9): 1122-1127.
9.	Cyril AC, Nair SS, Mathai A, et al. Autoimmune encephalitis: clinical diagnosis versus antibody confirmation. Ann Indian Acad Neurol, 2015, 18(4): 408-411.
10.	Gable MS, Sheriff H, Dalmau J, et al. The frequency of autoimmune N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis surpasses that of individual viral etiologies in young individuals enrolled in the california encephalitis project. Clin Infect Dis, 2012, 54(7): 899-904.
11.	Schmitt SE, Pargeon K, Frechette ES, et al. Extreme delta brush: a unique EEG pattern in adults with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Neurology, 2012, 79(11): 1094-1100.
12.	Mei LP, Li LP, Ye J, et al. A special electroencephalography pattern might help in the diagnosis of antibody-positive encephalitis. Chin Med J (Engl), 2015, 128(18): 2474-2477.
13.	Titulaer MJ, McCracken L, Gabilonda I, et al. Treatment and prognostic factors for long term outcome in patients with anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis: a cohort study. Lancet Neurol, 2013, 12(2): 157-165.
14.	Da SF, Castro LH, Andrade JQ, et al. Serial and prolonged EEG monitoring in anti-N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor encephalitis. Clin Neurophysiol, 2014, 125(8): 1541-1544.
15.	Tokunaga S, Ide M, Ishihara T, et al. Transient extreme spindles in a young child with anti-NMDAR encephalitis: a case report. Brain Dev, 2019, 41(2): 210-213.
16.	John S, Timothy A, eds. Current practice of clinical electroencephalography, 3rd ed. New York: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003: 160-234.
17.	李靜, 楊渝, 陸正齊. 自身免疫性腦炎的腦電圖表現. 中華醫學會第十八次全國神經病學學術會議論文匯編. 2015: 654.
18.	Lai M, Huijbers MGM, Lancaster E, et al. Investigation of LGI1 as the antigen in limbic encephalitis previously attributed to potassium channels: a case series. Lancet Neurol, 2010, 9(8): 776-785.
19.	Irani SR, Michell AW, Lang B, et al. Faciobrachial dystonic seizures precede lgi1 antibody limbic encephalitis. Ann Neurol, 2011, 69(5): 892-900.
20.	Flanagan EP, Kotsenas AL, Britton JW, et al. Basal ganglia T1 hyperintensity in LGI1-autoantibody faciobrachial dystonic seizures. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm, 2015, 2(6): e161.
21.	Guan HZ, Ren HT, Yang XZ, et al. Limbicencephalitisassociated with anti-γ-aminobutyricacidB receptor antibodies: a case series from China. Chin Med J (Engl), 2015, 128(22): 3023-3028.
22.	林衛紅, 崔俐, 王贊, 等. 自身免疫性腦炎癲癇發作類型及腦電圖特點分析——附 15 例病例報告. 中華醫學會神經病分會第十次全國腦電圖與癲癇診治進展高級講授班及學術研討會論文匯編, 2015: 22.
23.	Henchey R, Cibula J, Helveston W, et al. Electroencephalographic findings in hashimoto's encephalopathy. Neurology, 1995, 45(5): 977-981.
24.	Sch?uble B, Castillo PR, Boeve BF, et al. EEG findings in steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis. Clin Neurophysiol, 2003, 114(1): 32-37.
25.	Chong JY, Rowland LP, Utiger RD. Hashimoto encephalopathy: syndrome or myth? Arch Neurol, 2003, 60(2): 164-171.

1. Tunkel AR, Glaser CA, Bloch KC, et al. The management of encephalitis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious diseases society of america. Clin Infect Dis, 2008, 47(3): 303-327.
2. Granerod J, Ambrose HE, Davies NW, et al. Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a multicentre, population-based prospective study. Lancet Infect Dis, 2010, 10(12): 835-844.
3. 王得新, 劉磊. 自身免疫性腦炎現代概念與分類. 中國實用內科雜志, 2012, 32(11): 824-825.
4. Lancaster E. The diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune encephalitis. Clin Neurol, 2016, 12(1): 1-13.
5. Wingfield T, McHugh C, Vas A, et al. Autoimmune encephalitis: acaseseriesandcomprehensivereviewof theliterature. QJM, 2011, 104(11): 921-931.
6. Baysal-Kirac L, Tuzun E, Altindag E, et al. Are There any specific EEG findings in autoimmune epilepsies? Clin EEG Neurosci, 2016, 47(3): 224-234.
7. Hacohen Y, Wright S, Waters P, et al. Paediatric autoimmune encephalopathies: clinical features, laboratory investigations and outcomes in patients with or without antibodies to known central nervous system autoantigens. Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 2013, 84(7): 748-755.
8. Guan HZ, Ren HT, Cui LY. Autoimmune encephalitis: anexpandingfrontierofneuroimmunology. Chin Med J (Engl), 2016, 129(9): 1122-1127.
9. Cyril AC, Nair SS, Mathai A, et al. Autoimmune encephalitis: clinical diagnosis versus antibody confirmation. Ann Indian Acad Neurol, 2015, 18(4): 408-411.
10. Gable MS, Sheriff H, Dalmau J, et al. The frequency of autoimmune N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis surpasses that of individual viral etiologies in young individuals enrolled in the california encephalitis project. Clin Infect Dis, 2012, 54(7): 899-904.
11. Schmitt SE, Pargeon K, Frechette ES, et al. Extreme delta brush: a unique EEG pattern in adults with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Neurology, 2012, 79(11): 1094-1100.
12. Mei LP, Li LP, Ye J, et al. A special electroencephalography pattern might help in the diagnosis of antibody-positive encephalitis. Chin Med J (Engl), 2015, 128(18): 2474-2477.
13. Titulaer MJ, McCracken L, Gabilonda I, et al. Treatment and prognostic factors for long term outcome in patients with anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis: a cohort study. Lancet Neurol, 2013, 12(2): 157-165.
14. Da SF, Castro LH, Andrade JQ, et al. Serial and prolonged EEG monitoring in anti-N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor encephalitis. Clin Neurophysiol, 2014, 125(8): 1541-1544.
15. Tokunaga S, Ide M, Ishihara T, et al. Transient extreme spindles in a young child with anti-NMDAR encephalitis: a case report. Brain Dev, 2019, 41(2): 210-213.
16. John S, Timothy A, eds. Current practice of clinical electroencephalography, 3rd ed. New York: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003: 160-234.
17. 李靜, 楊渝, 陸正齊. 自身免疫性腦炎的腦電圖表現. 中華醫學會第十八次全國神經病學學術會議論文匯編. 2015: 654.
18. Lai M, Huijbers MGM, Lancaster E, et al. Investigation of LGI1 as the antigen in limbic encephalitis previously attributed to potassium channels: a case series. Lancet Neurol, 2010, 9(8): 776-785.
19. Irani SR, Michell AW, Lang B, et al. Faciobrachial dystonic seizures precede lgi1 antibody limbic encephalitis. Ann Neurol, 2011, 69(5): 892-900.
20. Flanagan EP, Kotsenas AL, Britton JW, et al. Basal ganglia T1 hyperintensity in LGI1-autoantibody faciobrachial dystonic seizures. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm, 2015, 2(6): e161.
21. Guan HZ, Ren HT, Yang XZ, et al. Limbicencephalitisassociated with anti-γ-aminobutyricacidB receptor antibodies: a case series from China. Chin Med J (Engl), 2015, 128(22): 3023-3028.
22. 林衛紅, 崔俐, 王贊, 等. 自身免疫性腦炎癲癇發作類型及腦電圖特點分析——附 15 例病例報告. 中華醫學會神經病分會第十次全國腦電圖與癲癇診治進展高級講授班及學術研討會論文匯編, 2015: 22.
23. Henchey R, Cibula J, Helveston W, et al. Electroencephalographic findings in hashimoto's encephalopathy. Neurology, 1995, 45(5): 977-981.
24. Sch?uble B, Castillo PR, Boeve BF, et al. EEG findings in steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis. Clin Neurophysiol, 2003, 114(1): 32-37.
25. Chong JY, Rowland LP, Utiger RD. Hashimoto encephalopathy: syndrome or myth? Arch Neurol, 2003, 60(2): 164-171.

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