Study on the prevalence of depression in the middle-aged and elderly population in China, regional differences and influencing factors_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

ZHOU Pengfei ¹ , XIAO Feng ¹ , YANG Xiaoguang ² , LI Gang ¹ , LI Yifei ¹ , GUO Yanshan ¹ , XU Kuanyu ³ ,  LI Yunming ³

1. Department of Health Economics, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, P. R. China;
2. Medical Support Center, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, P. R. China;
3. Department of Information, Medical Support Center, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu 610083, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

LI Yunming, Email: lee3082@sina.com

Keywords：

Depression; Middle-aged and elderly; Mental health; Influencing factors; CHARLS

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.202410133

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To analyze the prevalence, regional differences, and influencing factors of depression in the middle-aged and elderly population aged 45 years and above in China. Methods Data were obtained from the latest survey data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2020, and the CES-D-10 scale was used to assess depression among respondents, and χ² test and binary logistic regression were used to screen for the influencing factors of depression. Results A total of 10 583 valid samples were included, with 47.7% males and 52.3% females, and the mean age was (65.3±8.0) years. The average CES-D-10 scale score of the study population was (9.11±6.53), and the prevalence rate of depression was 40.5% (95%CI 39.6% to 41.5%), with a significantly higher prevalence rate of depression in the Midwestern population than the Eastern population. The gender, age, living with a partner, education, region, urban/rural, duration of sleep, internet access, alcohol consumption, number of chronic diseases, and the presence of ADL and IADL disorders are the influencing factors of depression in middle-aged and elderly populations. Conclusion The prevalence of depression in the middle-aged and elderly population in China is high, but there are significant differences in the prevalence rates of populations with different characteristics, and the high-risk groups should be emphasized when improving the mental health of the middle-aged and elderly population.

Citation： ZHOU Pengfei, XIAO Feng, YANG Xiaoguang, LI Gang, LI Yifei, GUO Yanshan, XU Kuanyu, LI Yunming. Study on the prevalence of depression in the middle-aged and elderly population in China, regional differences and influencing factors. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2025, 25(3): 273-279. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.202410133 Copy

1.	祝春素, 連至煒, 崔一民. 中國中老年人抑郁和慢性病的關聯. 北京大學學報(醫學版), 2023, 55(4): 606-611.
2.	周鵬飛, 楊孝光, 路強, 等. 中國農村老年人群抑郁癥患病率的Meta分析. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2024, 24(1): 36-42.
3.	Yu Y, Hu M, Liu ZW, et al. Recognition of depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse in a Chinese rural sample: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry, 2016, 16: 93.
4.	郝萌萱, 尹孟凡, 夏笑清, 等. 1990年與2019年中國人群抑郁癥疾病負擔分析. 中國慢性病預防與控制, 2022, 30(8): 623-625.
5.	王辛平, 陳杰, 杜興梅, 等. 云南省“直過民族”中老年人抑郁癥狀的相關因素. 中國心理衛生雜志, 2024, 38(8): 666-673.
6.	陳蕾, 伍成凱, 彭成, 等. 我國45歲以上中老年人慢性病與抑郁癥狀的關聯研究. 醫學與社會, 2021, 34(10): 90-94, 99.
7.	Zhao Y, Hu Y, Smith JP, et al. Cohort profile: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Int J Epidemiol, 2014, 43(1): 61-68.
8.	Andresen EM, Malmgren JA, Carter WB, et al. Screening for depression in well older adults: evaluation of a short form of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale). Am J Prev Med, 1994, 10(2): 77-84.
9.	Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1977, 1(3): 385-401.
10.	Chen H, Mui AC. Factorial validity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale short form in older population in China. Int Psychogeriatr, 2014, 26(1): 49-57.
11.	Cheng ST, Chan AC. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in older Chinese: thresholds for long and short forms. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2005, 20(5): 465-470.
12.	Zhou P, Wang S, Yan Y, et al. Association between chronic diseases and depression in the middle-aged and older adult Chinese population-a seven-year follow-up study based on CHARLS. Front Public Health, 2023, 11: 1176669.
13.	李艷萍, 王媛, 紀之琳, 等. 中國≥45歲中老年人多重慢性病模式與日常和工具性日常生活活動能力殘疾的關聯性. 中華疾病控制雜志, 2024, 28(1): 26-31.
14.	Katz S, Ford AB, Moskowitz RW, et al. Studies of illness in the aged. The index of ADL: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. JAMA, 1963, 185: 914-919.
15.	Li D, Su M, Guo X, et al. The association between chronic disease and depression in middle-aged and elderly people: the moderating effect of health insurance and health service quality. Front Public Health, 2023, 11: 935969.
16.	Sun A, Liu Z. Association between relative grip strength and depression among U. S. middle-aged and older adults: results from the NHANES database. Front Public Health, 2024, 12: 1416804.
17.	Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Health risk behaviour and persistent and incident depression among middle-aged and older adults in South Africa. S Afr J Psychol, 2023, 53(1): 134-142.
18.	Jalali A, Ziapour A, Karimi Z, et al. Global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in the elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr, 2024, 24(1): 809.
19.	Wang Q, Tian W. Prevalence, awareness, and treatment of depressive symptoms among the middle-aged and elderly in China from 2008 to 2015. Int J Health Plann Manage, 2018, 33(4): 1060-1070.
20.	李海燕, 溫淑媛, 陳喜梅, 等. 抑郁癥患者病恥感水平現狀及其相關影響因素分析. 中國當代醫藥, 2024, 31(8): 118-121.
21.	馬達飛, 張蕾, 高翔, 等. 我國精神衛生服務資源情況及發展建議. 中國衛生人才, 2023, (1): 16-21.
22.	李莉, 王夢媛, 周波, 等. 四川省精神衛生資源狀況及機構醫療服務能力評價. 醫學與社會, 2024, 37(5): 75-80, 92.
23.	Boylan JM, Robert SA. Neighborhood SES is particularly important to the cardiovascular health of low SES individuals. Soc Sci Med, 2017, 188: 60-68.
24.	Ng CW, Tan WS, Gunapal PP, et al. Association of socioeconomic status (SES) and social support with depressive symptoms among the elderly in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singap, 2014, 43(12): 576-587.
25.	唐彩云, 黃蓉, 王瑤, 等. 農村喪偶獨居老年女性抑郁、孤獨感與生活質量的關系. 中南大學學報(醫學版), 2023, 48(12): 1865-1873.
26.	榮健, 戈艷紅, 孟娜娜, 等. 2010~2019年中國老年人抑郁癥患病率的Meta分析. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2020, 20(1): 26-31.
27.	賈鈺, 周紫彤, 曹學華, 等. 中國40~65歲女性圍絕經期綜合征發生率的Meta分析. 中國全科醫學, 2023, 26(32): 4080-4088.
28.	Bi YH, Pei JJ, Hao C, et al. The relationship between chronic diseases and depression in middle-aged and older adults: a 4-year follow-up study from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. J Affect Disord, 2021, 289: 160-166.

1. 祝春素, 連至煒, 崔一民. 中國中老年人抑郁和慢性病的關聯. 北京大學學報(醫學版), 2023, 55(4): 606-611.
2. 周鵬飛, 楊孝光, 路強, 等. 中國農村老年人群抑郁癥患病率的Meta分析. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2024, 24(1): 36-42.
3. Yu Y, Hu M, Liu ZW, et al. Recognition of depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse in a Chinese rural sample: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry, 2016, 16: 93.
4. 郝萌萱, 尹孟凡, 夏笑清, 等. 1990年與2019年中國人群抑郁癥疾病負擔分析. 中國慢性病預防與控制, 2022, 30(8): 623-625.
5. 王辛平, 陳杰, 杜興梅, 等. 云南省“直過民族”中老年人抑郁癥狀的相關因素. 中國心理衛生雜志, 2024, 38(8): 666-673.
6. 陳蕾, 伍成凱, 彭成, 等. 我國45歲以上中老年人慢性病與抑郁癥狀的關聯研究. 醫學與社會, 2021, 34(10): 90-94, 99.
7. Zhao Y, Hu Y, Smith JP, et al. Cohort profile: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Int J Epidemiol, 2014, 43(1): 61-68.
8. Andresen EM, Malmgren JA, Carter WB, et al. Screening for depression in well older adults: evaluation of a short form of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale). Am J Prev Med, 1994, 10(2): 77-84.
9. Radloff LS. The CES-D scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1977, 1(3): 385-401.
10. Chen H, Mui AC. Factorial validity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale short form in older population in China. Int Psychogeriatr, 2014, 26(1): 49-57.
11. Cheng ST, Chan AC. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale in older Chinese: thresholds for long and short forms. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2005, 20(5): 465-470.
12. Zhou P, Wang S, Yan Y, et al. Association between chronic diseases and depression in the middle-aged and older adult Chinese population-a seven-year follow-up study based on CHARLS. Front Public Health, 2023, 11: 1176669.
13. 李艷萍, 王媛, 紀之琳, 等. 中國≥45歲中老年人多重慢性病模式與日常和工具性日常生活活動能力殘疾的關聯性. 中華疾病控制雜志, 2024, 28(1): 26-31.
14. Katz S, Ford AB, Moskowitz RW, et al. Studies of illness in the aged. The index of ADL: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. JAMA, 1963, 185: 914-919.
15. Li D, Su M, Guo X, et al. The association between chronic disease and depression in middle-aged and elderly people: the moderating effect of health insurance and health service quality. Front Public Health, 2023, 11: 935969.
16. Sun A, Liu Z. Association between relative grip strength and depression among U. S. middle-aged and older adults: results from the NHANES database. Front Public Health, 2024, 12: 1416804.
17. Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Health risk behaviour and persistent and incident depression among middle-aged and older adults in South Africa. S Afr J Psychol, 2023, 53(1): 134-142.
18. Jalali A, Ziapour A, Karimi Z, et al. Global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in the elderly population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr, 2024, 24(1): 809.
19. Wang Q, Tian W. Prevalence, awareness, and treatment of depressive symptoms among the middle-aged and elderly in China from 2008 to 2015. Int J Health Plann Manage, 2018, 33(4): 1060-1070.
20. 李海燕, 溫淑媛, 陳喜梅, 等. 抑郁癥患者病恥感水平現狀及其相關影響因素分析. 中國當代醫藥, 2024, 31(8): 118-121.
21. 馬達飛, 張蕾, 高翔, 等. 我國精神衛生服務資源情況及發展建議. 中國衛生人才, 2023, (1): 16-21.
22. 李莉, 王夢媛, 周波, 等. 四川省精神衛生資源狀況及機構醫療服務能力評價. 醫學與社會, 2024, 37(5): 75-80, 92.
23. Boylan JM, Robert SA. Neighborhood SES is particularly important to the cardiovascular health of low SES individuals. Soc Sci Med, 2017, 188: 60-68.
24. Ng CW, Tan WS, Gunapal PP, et al. Association of socioeconomic status (SES) and social support with depressive symptoms among the elderly in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singap, 2014, 43(12): 576-587.
25. 唐彩云, 黃蓉, 王瑤, 等. 農村喪偶獨居老年女性抑郁、孤獨感與生活質量的關系. 中南大學學報(醫學版), 2023, 48(12): 1865-1873.
26. 榮健, 戈艷紅, 孟娜娜, 等. 2010~2019年中國老年人抑郁癥患病率的Meta分析. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2020, 20(1): 26-31.
27. 賈鈺, 周紫彤, 曹學華, 等. 中國40~65歲女性圍絕經期綜合征發生率的Meta分析. 中國全科醫學, 2023, 26(32): 4080-4088.
28. Bi YH, Pei JJ, Hao C, et al. The relationship between chronic diseases and depression in middle-aged and older adults: a 4-year follow-up study from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. J Affect Disord, 2021, 289: 160-166.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Study on the prevalence of depression in the middle-aged and elderly population in China, regional differences and influencing factors

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Previous Article

Next Article

Format

Content