The relationship between Glasgow prognostic score and prognosis of gastric cancer patients: a meta-analysis_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

LAI Jiamin ¹ , LIU Xudong ¹ , ZHENG Qiang ¹ , ZHANG Guoqiang ¹ ,  CHENG Zhibin ² , ZHAO Bin ²

1. Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China;
2. Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

CHENG Zhibin, Email: zhibin_cheng@hotmail.com

Keywords：

Glasgow prognostic score; Gastric cancer; Prognosis; Meta-analysis; Systematic review; Cohort study

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.202206002

Video：

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Objective To systematically review the relationship between Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) and prognosis of gastric cancer (GC) patients. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect cohort studies on the relationship between GPS and prognosis of GC patients from inception to April, 2022. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies; then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software and Stata 16.0 software. Results A total of 9 cohort studies involving 2 395 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that GPS was significantly associated with poor overall survival of GC patients (HR=2.01, 95%CI 1.55 to 2.61, P<0.000 01). It also was associated with deeper depth of tumor, positive lymph node metastasis, more advanced TNM stages, positive distant metastasis and older age. Conclusion Current evidence shows that GPS is associated with survival prognosis and clinical pathological features of GC patients. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.

Citation： LAI Jiamin, LIU Xudong, ZHENG Qiang, ZHANG Guoqiang, CHENG Zhibin, ZHAO Bin. The relationship between Glasgow prognostic score and prognosis of gastric cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2022, 22(11): 1325-1329. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.202206002 Copy

1.	宋書彬, 劉宏剛, 薛英威. 進展期胃癌患者預后營養指數的臨床意義. 中華胃腸外科雜志, 2018, 21(2): 180-184.
2.	Yang Y, Gao P, Song Y, et al. The prognostic nutritional index is a predictive indicator of prognosis and postoperative complications in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2016, 42(8): 1176-1182.
3.	Forrest LM, McMillan DC, McArdle CS, et al. Evaluation of cumulative prognostic scores based on the systemic inflammatory response in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer, 2003, 89(6): 1028-1030.
4.	Laird BJ, Kaasa S, McMillan DC, et al. Prognostic factors in patients with advanced cancer: a comparison of clinicopathological factors and the development of an inflammation-based prognostic system. Clin Cancer Res, 2013, 19(19): 5456-5464.
5.	Jiang X, Hiki N, Nunobe S, et al. Prognostic importance of the inflammation-based Glasgow prognostic score in patients with gastric cancer. Br J Cancer, 2012, 107(2): 275-279.
6.	Wells G, Shea B, O’Connell D, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Symposium on Systematic Reviews: Beyond the Basics, 2014.
7.	Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, et al. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ, 2003, 327(7414): 557-560.
8.	徐同成, 李霞, 王文亮, 等. 分類變量Meta分析中偏倚的檢測-Egger法和Begg法. 循證醫學, 2009, 9(3): 181-184.
9.	楊璐瓊, 李澤宇, 閆曉暉, 等. 格拉斯哥評分對胃癌患者術后預后的預測價值. 醫藥論壇雜志, 2021, 42(1): 102-106.
10.	趙偉, 隋淑鳳, 魏光兵, 等. 格拉斯哥評分與腹腔鏡胃癌根治術患者生存時間及臨床病理參數的關系. 腹腔鏡外科雜志, 2019, 24(3): 193-196.
11.	鐘金偉. 基于全身炎癥反應的評分系統與胃癌預后的相關性研究. 杭州: 浙江大學, 2015.
12.	張慧, 殷紅, 胡廣越. 術前CRP/ALB, GPS與炎癥相關指標在胃癌預后中的價值. 中國繼續醫學教育, 2021, 13(35): 125-129.
13.	Hirahara N, Matsubara T, Kaji S, et al. Glasgow prognostic score is a better predictor of the long-term survival in patients with gastric cancer, compared to the modified Glasgow prognostic score or high-sensitivity modified Glasgow prognostic score. Oncotarget, 2020, 11(45): 4169-4177.
14.	Melling N, Grüning A, Tachezy M, et al. Glasgow Prognostic Score may be a prognostic index for overall and perioperative survival in gastric cancer without perioperative treatment. Surgery, 2016, 159(6): 1548-1556.
15.	Wakahara T, Ueno N, Maeda T, et al. Is the glasgow prognostic score applicable to both early- and advanced-stage gastric cancers. Gastroenterology Res, 2017, 10(6): 359-365.
16.	Shimoda Y, Fujikawa H, Komori K, et al. Preoperative utility of the glasgow prognostic score on outcomes of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer, 2022, 53(2): 265-271.
17.	Nozoe T, Iguchi T, Egashira A, et al. Significance of modified Glasgow prognostic score as a useful indicator for prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. Am J Surg, 2011, 201(2): 186-191.
18.	Roxburgh CS, McMillan DC. Role of systemic inflammatory response in predicting survival in patients with primary operable cancer. Future Oncol, 2010, 6(1): 149-163.
19.	Jagdev SP, Gregory W, Vasudev NS, et al. Improving the accuracy of pre-operative survival prediction in renal cell carcinoma with C-reactive protein. Br J Cancer, 2010, 103(11): 1649-1656.
20.	Crumley AB, Stuart RC, McKernan M, et al. Is hypoalbuminemia an independent prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer. World J Surg, 2010, 34(10): 2393-2398.
21.	Allin KH, Nordestgaard BG. Elevated C-reactive protein in the diagnosis, prognosis, and cause of cancer. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci, 2011, 48(4): 155-170.
22.	Hirahara N, Tajima Y, Fujii Y, et al. Prognostic nutritional index as a predictor of survival in resectable gastric cancer patients with normal preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels: a propensity score matching analysis. BMC Cancer, 2018, 18(1): 285.
23.	Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, et al. Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability. Carcinogenesis, 2009, 30(7): 1073-1081.
24.	Brenner D, Blaser H, Mak TW. Regulation of tumour necrosis factor signalling: live or let die. Nat Rev Immunol, 2015, 15(6): 362-374.
25.	Hennessey DB, Burke JP, Ni-Dhonochu T, et al. Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is an independent risk factor for the development of surgical site infection following gastrointestinal surgery: a multi-institutional study. Ann Surg, 2010, 252(2): 325-329.
26.	Sun KY, Xu JB, Chen SL, et al. Novel immunological and nutritional-based prognostic index for gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2015, 21(19): 5961-5971.

1. 宋書彬, 劉宏剛, 薛英威. 進展期胃癌患者預后營養指數的臨床意義. 中華胃腸外科雜志, 2018, 21(2): 180-184.
2. Yang Y, Gao P, Song Y, et al. The prognostic nutritional index is a predictive indicator of prognosis and postoperative complications in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2016, 42(8): 1176-1182.
3. Forrest LM, McMillan DC, McArdle CS, et al. Evaluation of cumulative prognostic scores based on the systemic inflammatory response in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer, 2003, 89(6): 1028-1030.
4. Laird BJ, Kaasa S, McMillan DC, et al. Prognostic factors in patients with advanced cancer: a comparison of clinicopathological factors and the development of an inflammation-based prognostic system. Clin Cancer Res, 2013, 19(19): 5456-5464.
5. Jiang X, Hiki N, Nunobe S, et al. Prognostic importance of the inflammation-based Glasgow prognostic score in patients with gastric cancer. Br J Cancer, 2012, 107(2): 275-279.
6. Wells G, Shea B, O’Connell D, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. Symposium on Systematic Reviews: Beyond the Basics, 2014.
7. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, et al. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ, 2003, 327(7414): 557-560.
8. 徐同成, 李霞, 王文亮, 等. 分類變量Meta分析中偏倚的檢測-Egger法和Begg法. 循證醫學, 2009, 9(3): 181-184.
9. 楊璐瓊, 李澤宇, 閆曉暉, 等. 格拉斯哥評分對胃癌患者術后預后的預測價值. 醫藥論壇雜志, 2021, 42(1): 102-106.
10. 趙偉, 隋淑鳳, 魏光兵, 等. 格拉斯哥評分與腹腔鏡胃癌根治術患者生存時間及臨床病理參數的關系. 腹腔鏡外科雜志, 2019, 24(3): 193-196.
11. 鐘金偉. 基于全身炎癥反應的評分系統與胃癌預后的相關性研究. 杭州: 浙江大學, 2015.
12. 張慧, 殷紅, 胡廣越. 術前CRP/ALB, GPS與炎癥相關指標在胃癌預后中的價值. 中國繼續醫學教育, 2021, 13(35): 125-129.
13. Hirahara N, Matsubara T, Kaji S, et al. Glasgow prognostic score is a better predictor of the long-term survival in patients with gastric cancer, compared to the modified Glasgow prognostic score or high-sensitivity modified Glasgow prognostic score. Oncotarget, 2020, 11(45): 4169-4177.
14. Melling N, Grüning A, Tachezy M, et al. Glasgow Prognostic Score may be a prognostic index for overall and perioperative survival in gastric cancer without perioperative treatment. Surgery, 2016, 159(6): 1548-1556.
15. Wakahara T, Ueno N, Maeda T, et al. Is the glasgow prognostic score applicable to both early- and advanced-stage gastric cancers. Gastroenterology Res, 2017, 10(6): 359-365.
16. Shimoda Y, Fujikawa H, Komori K, et al. Preoperative utility of the glasgow prognostic score on outcomes of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer, 2022, 53(2): 265-271.
17. Nozoe T, Iguchi T, Egashira A, et al. Significance of modified Glasgow prognostic score as a useful indicator for prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. Am J Surg, 2011, 201(2): 186-191.
18. Roxburgh CS, McMillan DC. Role of systemic inflammatory response in predicting survival in patients with primary operable cancer. Future Oncol, 2010, 6(1): 149-163.
19. Jagdev SP, Gregory W, Vasudev NS, et al. Improving the accuracy of pre-operative survival prediction in renal cell carcinoma with C-reactive protein. Br J Cancer, 2010, 103(11): 1649-1656.
20. Crumley AB, Stuart RC, McKernan M, et al. Is hypoalbuminemia an independent prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer. World J Surg, 2010, 34(10): 2393-2398.
21. Allin KH, Nordestgaard BG. Elevated C-reactive protein in the diagnosis, prognosis, and cause of cancer. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci, 2011, 48(4): 155-170.
22. Hirahara N, Tajima Y, Fujii Y, et al. Prognostic nutritional index as a predictor of survival in resectable gastric cancer patients with normal preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels: a propensity score matching analysis. BMC Cancer, 2018, 18(1): 285.
23. Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, et al. Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability. Carcinogenesis, 2009, 30(7): 1073-1081.
24. Brenner D, Blaser H, Mak TW. Regulation of tumour necrosis factor signalling: live or let die. Nat Rev Immunol, 2015, 15(6): 362-374.
25. Hennessey DB, Burke JP, Ni-Dhonochu T, et al. Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is an independent risk factor for the development of surgical site infection following gastrointestinal surgery: a multi-institutional study. Ann Surg, 2010, 252(2): 325-329.
26. Sun KY, Xu JB, Chen SL, et al. Novel immunological and nutritional-based prognostic index for gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol, 2015, 21(19): 5961-5971.

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