Cost minimization analysis of Danmu extract syrup and Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre granules for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

LIU Dan ^1,2 , LI Hailong ^1,2 , ZENG Linan ^1,2 , YI Qiusha ^1,2 ,  WU Bin ³ ,  ZHANG Lingli ^1,2,4

1. Department of Pharmacy/Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China;
2. Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China;
3. Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, P. R. China;
4. Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

WU Bin, Email: withtop@126.com; ZHANG Lingli, Email: zhanglingli@scu.edu.cn

Keywords：

Acute upper respiratory tract infection; Cohort study; Danmu extract syrup; Health economy; Cost minimization analysis

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.202202055

Video：

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Objective To compare the costs of Danmu extract syrup and Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre granules for the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection (AURI) in children. Methods We conducted this prospective cohort study from July 2018 to June 2020. Children with AURI in the pediatric outpatient department and emergency department of West China Second Hospital were enrolled, and were divided into two groups: Danmu extract syrup group (Danmu group) and Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre granule group (Chiqiao group) according to the treatment. The pharmacoeconomic evaluation took the medical and health system as the research perspective and considered direct medical costs, including registration fees, drug fees, inspection fees, testing fees, and treatment fees. A cost-effectiveness analysis or a cost minimization analysis was adopted according to the results of efficacy between the two groups. Results We enrolled 1 036 children with AURI. After propensity score matching, 252 in the Danmu group and 253 in the Chiqiao group were included. There was no statistically significant difference in the symptom recovery time between the two groups. The cost minimization analysis showed that the total costs (median difference ?21.55) and drug costs (median difference ?7.24) of the Danmu group were significantly lower than those of the Chiqiao group (P<0.001). The results of the subgroup and sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary analysis. Conclusion Danmu extract syrup is a cost-saving alternative compared with Chiqiao granules for AURI in children.

Citation： LIU Dan, LI Hailong, ZENG Linan, YI Qiusha, WU Bin, ZHANG Lingli. Cost minimization analysis of Danmu extract syrup and Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre granules for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2022, 22(9): 1007-1011. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.202202055 Copy

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1. Heikkinen T, J?rvinen A. The common cold. Lancet, 2003, 361(9351): 51-59.
2. GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet, 2017, 390(10100): 1211-1259.
3. Pappas DE, Hendley JO. The common cold and decongestant therapy. Pediatr Rev, 2011, 32(2): 47-54.
4. Hersh AL, Jackson MA, Hicks LA, et al. Principles of judicious antibiotic prescribing for upper respiratory tract infections in pediatrics. Pediatrics, 2013, 132(6): 1146-1154.
5. UpToDate. The common cold in children: management and prevention. Available at: www. uptodate. com/contents/the-common-cold-in-children-management-and-prevention.
6. Marom T, Alvarez-Fernandez PE, Jennings K, et al. Acute bacterial sinusitis complicating viral upper respiratory tract infection in young children. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2014, 33(8): 803-808.
7. Lopardo G, Calmaggi A, Clara L, et al. Consensus guidelines for the management of upper respiratory tract infections. Medicina, 2012, 72(6): 484-494.
8. 戎萍, 馬融, 劉全慧, 等. 中成藥治療小兒急性上呼吸道感染研究述評. 中國中藥雜志, 2017, 42(8): 1455-1466.
9. Wang WY, Zhou H, Wang YF, et al. Current policies and measures on the development of traditional Chinese medicine in China. Pharmacol Res, 2021, 163: 105187.
10. Wang C, Cao B, Liu QQ, et al. Oseltamivir compared with the Chinese traditional therapy maxingshigan-yinqiaosan in the treatment of H1N1 influenza: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med, 2011, 155(4): 217-225.
11. Shi N, Liu B, Liang N, et al. Association between early treatment with Qingfei Paidu decoction and favorable clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective multicenter cohort study. Pharmacol Res, 2020, 161: 105290.
12. 方邦江, 崔應麟, 李志軍, 等. 急性上呼吸道感染中成藥應用專家共識. 中國中西醫結合急救雜志, 2019, (2): 129-138.
13. 廖凱. 膽木浸膏糖漿治療小兒病毒性感冒臨床效果及安全性分析. 中外醫學研究, 2017, 15(1): 18-19.
14. 劉偉, 李含英, 張秋月, 等. 小兒感冒發熱患者采用膽木浸膏糖漿治療療效觀察. 中國社區醫師, 2016, 32(27): 100,102.
15. 陳路佳, 唐榕, 劉立立, 等. 小兒豉翹清熱顆粒治療小兒上呼吸道感染的系統評價. 中國藥業, 2013, 22(14): 47-50.
16. 袁丹, 謝輝輝, 汪受傳, 等. 小兒豉翹清熱顆粒治療急性上呼吸道感染臨床療效的Meta分析. 中華中醫藥雜志, 2016, 31(1): 89-92.
17. 王衛平, 孫錕, 常立文, 等. 兒科學(第9版). 北京: 人民衛生出版社, 2018.
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19. 國家藥品不良反應監測中心. 藥品不良反應報告和監測工作手冊(2012). Available at: http://www.cdr-adr.org.cn/drug_1/zcfg_1/zcfg_zdyz/202009/t20200924_47831.html.
20. 國家藥品監督管理局, 國家衛生健康委員會. 藥物臨床試驗質量管理規范(2020). Available at: http://www.nhc.gov.cn/yzygj/s7659/202004/1d5d7ea301f04adba4c4e47d2e92eb96.shtml.
21. 中國藥學會. 中國藥物經濟學評價指南2020. Available at: https://www.cpa.org.cn/cpadmn/attached/file/20201203/1606977380634185.pdf.
22. 張俊華, 孫鑫, 李幼平, 等. 循證中醫藥學的現在和未來. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2019, 19(5): 515-520.
23. 張俊華, 李幼平, 張伯禮, 等. 循證中醫藥研究: 北京宣言. 中國循證醫學雜志, 2020, 20(8): 869-870.
24. 李曉菊, 畢雪艷, 姜艷. 2種中藥注射液治療小兒急性上呼吸道感染的療效觀察與成本-效果分析. 中國藥業, 2011, 20(1): 64-65.
25. Zeng L, Li H, Zhang C, et al. Effectiveness and safety of Danmu extract syrup for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children: a real-world, prospective cohort study. J Evid Based Med, 2022, 15(1): 19-29.

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Cost minimization analysis of Danmu extract syrup and Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre granules for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children

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