Depression of Elderly Residents in the Central Districts of Chengdu City: A Study on Epidemiological Screening and Risk Factors_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

 WANGWei-wen ¹ , LIAOXiao-yang ² , YANGZhi-yi ² , WANGXin ³ , DENGWen-qing ⁴

1. Department of Neurology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, China;
2. Department of General Medicine, West China hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
3. Community Health Service Center of Jianshe Road, Chengdu 610051, China;
4. Cai Town Hospital of Dayi County, Chengdu 611300, China;

Corresponding?author：

Keywords：

Depression; Urban community; Elderly resident; Patient Health Questionnaire 2(PHQ-2); Epidemiological survey; Risk factor

DOI：

10.7507/1672-2531.20140005

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Objective To evaluate the reasonableness of anticoagulation management strategy in patients after mechanical heart valve replacement. Methods All patients were followed and registered continually at outpatient clinic from July 2011 to February 2013, with a minimum of 6 months after surgery. Targeted international normalized rate (INR) 1.60 to 2.20 and warfarin weekly dosage adjustment were used as the strategy of anticoagulation management. Except bleeding, thrombogenesis and thromboembolism, time in therapeutic range (TTR) and fraction of TTR (FTTR) were adopted to evaluate the quality of anticoagulation management. Results A total 1 442 patients and 6 461 INR values were included for data analysis. The patients had a mean age of 48.2±10.6 years (14-80 years) and the following up time were 6 to 180 months (39.2±37.4 months) after surgery. Of these patients, 1 043 (72.3%) was female and 399 (27.7%) was male. INR values varied from 0.90-8.39 (1.85±0.49) and required weekly doses of warfarin were 2.50-61.25 (20.89±6.93 mg). TTR of target INR and acceptable INR were 51.1% (156 640.5 days/306 415.0 days), 64.9% (198 856.0 days/306 415.0 days), respectively. FTTR of target INR and acceptable INR were 49.4% (3 193 times/6 461 times), 62.6% (4 047 times/6 461 times). There were 8 major bleeding events, 7 mild bleeding events, 2 thromboembolism events, and 2 thrombogenesis in the left atrium. Conclusion It is reasonable to use target INR 1.60-2.20 and warfarin weekly dosage adjustment for patients after mechanical heart valve replacement.

Citation： WANGWei-wen, LIAOXiao-yang, YANGZhi-yi, WANGXin, DENGWen-qing. Depression of Elderly Residents in the Central Districts of Chengdu City: A Study on Epidemiological Screening and Risk Factors. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2014, 14(1): 21-24. doi: 10.7507/1672-2531.20140005 Copy

1.	Maurer DM. Screening for depression. Am Fam Physician, 2012, 85(2):139-144.
2.	廖震華, 丁麗君, 溫程.我國60年精神障礙流行病學調查研究現狀.中國全科醫學, 2012, 15 (4):1160-1162.
3.	Plgnone MP, Gaynes BN, Rushton JL, et al. US. Preventive services task force Screening for depression in adults:summary of the evidence. An Intern Med, 136(10):765-76.
4.	Williams LS, Brizendine EJ, Plue L, et al. Performance of the PHQ-9 as a screening tool for depression after stroke. Stroke, 2005, 36(3):635-638.
5.	Turner A, Hambridge EJ, White J, et al.Depression screening in stroke:a comparison of alternative measures with the structured diagnostic interview for the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition (major depressive episode) as criterion standard. Stroke, 2012, 43(4):1000-1005.
6.	Arroll B, Khin N, Kerse N. Screening for depression in Primary care with two verbally asked questions. BMJ (China Edition), 2004, 7(2):88-90.
7.	周淑新, 李爾曼.篩查抑郁癥.中國全科醫學, 2012, 15(11A):3575-3577.
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11.	胡斌, 盧小勇, 魏波, 等. 2002年江西省抑郁癥患病率的流行病學調查.中華精神科雜志, 2003, 36(4):242-245.
12.	趙振環, 黃悅勤, 李潔, 等.廣州地區常住人口精神障礙的患病率調查.中國神經精神疾病雜志, 2009, 35(9):530-534.
13.	張敬懸, 盧傳華, 唐濟生, 等.山東省18歲及以上人群精神障礙流行病學調查.中國心理衛生雜志, 2010, 24(3):161-167.
14.	Yu X, Stewart SM, Wong PT, et al. Screening for depression with the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) among the general population in Hong Kong. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2011, 134(1):444-447.
15.	李喆, 孫學禮, 張波, 等.住院抑郁患者的家庭負擔及其與家屬社會支持的相關性研究.中國循證醫學雜志, 2011, 11(5):500-504.
16.	Charles J, Britt H, Fahridin S, et al. Mental health in general practice. Aust Fam Physician, 2007, 36(4):200-201.
17.	Moussavi S, Somnath C, Verdes E, et al. Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health:results from the World Health Surveys. Lancet, 2007, 370(9590):851-858.
18.	馬辛, 李淑然, 向應強, 等.北京市抑郁癥的患病率調查.中華精神科雜志, 2007, 40(2):100-103.
19.	李曉靖, 張嵐, 李斌, 等.成都市綜合醫院門診患者抑郁焦慮障礙診治狀況研究.華西醫學, 2011, 26(2):192-194.

1. Maurer DM. Screening for depression. Am Fam Physician, 2012, 85(2):139-144.
2. 廖震華, 丁麗君, 溫程.我國60年精神障礙流行病學調查研究現狀.中國全科醫學, 2012, 15 (4):1160-1162.
3. Plgnone MP, Gaynes BN, Rushton JL, et al. US. Preventive services task force Screening for depression in adults:summary of the evidence. An Intern Med, 136(10):765-76.
4. Williams LS, Brizendine EJ, Plue L, et al. Performance of the PHQ-9 as a screening tool for depression after stroke. Stroke, 2005, 36(3):635-638.
5. Turner A, Hambridge EJ, White J, et al.Depression screening in stroke:a comparison of alternative measures with the structured diagnostic interview for the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition (major depressive episode) as criterion standard. Stroke, 2012, 43(4):1000-1005.
6. Arroll B, Khin N, Kerse N. Screening for depression in Primary care with two verbally asked questions. BMJ (China Edition), 2004, 7(2):88-90.
7. 周淑新, 李爾曼.篩查抑郁癥.中國全科醫學, 2012, 15(11A):3575-3577.
8. WHO. The global burden of disease:2004 update.WHO Library Cataloguing-in-publication Data, 2008:36.
9. O'Connor EA, Whitlock EP, Gaynes B, et al. Screening for depression in adults and older adults in primary care. AHRQ, 2009(Report No.10-05143-EF-1).
10. 張維熙, 沈漁邨, 李淑然, 等.中國七個地區精神疾病流行病學調查.中華精神科雜志, 1998, 31(2):69-71.
11. 胡斌, 盧小勇, 魏波, 等. 2002年江西省抑郁癥患病率的流行病學調查.中華精神科雜志, 2003, 36(4):242-245.
12. 趙振環, 黃悅勤, 李潔, 等.廣州地區常住人口精神障礙的患病率調查.中國神經精神疾病雜志, 2009, 35(9):530-534.
13. 張敬懸, 盧傳華, 唐濟生, 等.山東省18歲及以上人群精神障礙流行病學調查.中國心理衛生雜志, 2010, 24(3):161-167.
14. Yu X, Stewart SM, Wong PT, et al. Screening for depression with the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) among the general population in Hong Kong. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2011, 134(1):444-447.
15. 李喆, 孫學禮, 張波, 等.住院抑郁患者的家庭負擔及其與家屬社會支持的相關性研究.中國循證醫學雜志, 2011, 11(5):500-504.
16. Charles J, Britt H, Fahridin S, et al. Mental health in general practice. Aust Fam Physician, 2007, 36(4):200-201.
17. Moussavi S, Somnath C, Verdes E, et al. Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health:results from the World Health Surveys. Lancet, 2007, 370(9590):851-858.
18. 馬辛, 李淑然, 向應強, 等.北京市抑郁癥的患病率調查.中華精神科雜志, 2007, 40(2):100-103.
19. 李曉靖, 張嵐, 李斌, 等.成都市綜合醫院門診患者抑郁焦慮障礙診治狀況研究.華西醫學, 2011, 26(2):192-194.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Depression of Elderly Residents in the Central Districts of Chengdu City: A Study on Epidemiological Screening and Risk Factors

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