肺纖維化合并肺氣腫定義為“綜合征”的研究進展_Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Authors：

孫迪 ,  葉俏

首都醫科大學附屬北京朝陽醫院間質性肺疾病臨床診療與研究中心北京市呼吸疾病研究所職業病與中毒醫學科（北京 100020）;

Corresponding?author：

葉俏, Email: yeqiao_chaoyang@sina.com

Keywords：

DOI：

10.7507/1671-6205.202304062

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Citation： 孫迪, 葉俏. 肺纖維化合并肺氣腫定義為“綜合征”的研究進展. Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2023, 22(10): 749-754. doi: 10.7507/1671-6205.202304062 Copy

1.	Wiggins J, Strickland B, Turner-Warwick M. Combined cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and emphysema: the value of high resolution computed tomography in assessment. Respir Med, 1990, 84(5): 365-369.
2.	Cottin V, Nunes H, Brillet PY, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: a distinct underrecognised entity. Eur Respir J, 2005, 26(4): 586-593.
3.	Scadding JG. Health and disease: what can medicine do for philosophy? J Med Ethics, 1988, 14(3): 118-124.
4.	Cottin V, Selman M, Inoue Y, et al. Syndrome of Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema: An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Research Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2022, 206(4): e7-e41.
5.	Chae KJ, Jin GY, Han YM, et al. Prevalence and progression of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in asymptomatic smokers: A case-control study. Eur Radiol, 2015, 25(8): 2326-2334.
6.	馬江偉, 李振華, 許慧, 等. 特發性肺間質纖維化合并肺氣腫與未合并肺氣腫患者的臨床對比研究. 中華結核和呼吸雜志, 2013, 36(3): 173-176.
7.	Lai RS, Chen CF, Chu KA, et al. The effect of emphysema on survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a retrospective study in Taiwan. J Chin Med Assoc, 2019, 82(12): 922-928.
8.	Ryerson C J, Hartman T, Elicker BM, et al. Clinical features and outcomes in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Chest, 2013, 144(1): 234-240.
9.	Sangani R, Ghio A, Culp S, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis emphysema: role of cigarette smoking and pulmonary hypertension in a rural cohort. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis, 2021, 16: 1873-1885.
10.	Kim HJ, Snyder LD, Neely ML, et al. Clinical outcomes of patients with combined idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in the IPF-PRO Registry. Lung, 2022, 200(1): 21-29.
11.	Akagi T, Matsumoto T, Harada T, et al. Coexistent emphysema delays the decrease of vital capacity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Med, 2009, 103(8): 1209-1215.
12.	Kurashima K, Takayanagi N, Tsuchiya N, et al. The effect of emphysema on lung function and survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respirology, 2010, 15(5): 843-848.
13.	Nemoto M, Nei Y, Bartholmai B, et al. Automated computed tomography quantification of fibrosis predicts prognosis in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in a real-world setting: a single-centre, retrospective study. Respir Res, 2020, 21(1): 275.
14.	Alsumrain M, De Giacomi F, Nasim F, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema as a clinicoradiologic entity: characterization of presenting lung fibrosis and implications for survival. Respir Med, 2019, 146: 106-112.
15.	吳蘇佶, 魏毅, 石俊青, 等. 肺纖維化合并肺氣腫綜合征的臨床特征與危險因素分析. 中國呼吸與危重監護雜志, 2021, 20(01): 4-11.
16.	Liu Q, Sun D, Wang Y, et al. Use of machine learning models to predict prognosis of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in a Chinese population. BMC Pulm Med, 2022, 22(1): 327.
17.	Zhang LJ, Zhang CL, Dong FS, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: a retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis. BMC Pulm Med, 2016, 16(1): 137.
18.	Yuan XT, Jin J, Xu XM. Development of a nomogram for predicting the presence of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. BMC Pulm Med, 2021, 21(1): 349.
19.	Mori K, Shirai T, Mikamo M, et al. Respiratory mechanics measured by forced oscillation technique in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Respir Physiol Neurobiol, 2013, 185(2): 235-240.
20.	Sugino K, Ishida F, Kikuchi N, et al. Comparison of clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema versus idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis alone. Respirology, 2014, 19(2): 239-245.
21.	Yamamoto Y, Hirata H, Shiroyama T, et al. Respiratory impedance is associated with ventilation and diffusing capacity in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis combined with emphysema. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis, 2022, 17: 1495-1506.
22.	Kitaguchi Y, Fujimoto K, Hanaoka M, et al. Clinical characteristics of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Respirology, 2010, 15(2): 265-271.
23.	Kishaba T, Shimaoka Y, Fukuyama H, et al. A cohort study of mortality predictors and characteristics of patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. BMJ Open, 2012, 2(3): e000988.
24.	Schmidt SL, Nambiar AM, Tayob N, et al. Pulmonary function measures predict mortality differently in IPF versus combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Eur Respir J, 2011, 38(1): 176-183.
25.	Mejia M, Carrillo G, Rojas-Serrano J, et al. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: decreased survival associated with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. Chest, 2009, 136(1): 10-15.
26.	Champtiaux N, Cottin V, Chassagnon G, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in systemic sclerosis: a syndrome associated with heavy morbidity and mortality. Semin Arthritis Rheum, 2019, 49(1): 98-104.
27.	Tomioka H, Mamesaya N, Yamashita S, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: effect of pulmonary rehabilitation in comparison with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. BMJ Open Respir Res, 2016, 3(1): e000099.
28.	林敏杰, 張英為, 陳露露, 等. 肺纖維化合并肺氣腫與特發性肺纖維化臨床特點的比較. 中國呼吸與危重監護雜志, 2020, 19(06): 548-553.
29.	Jankowich MD, Rounds S. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema alters physiology but has similar mortality to pulmonary fibrosis without emphysema. Lung, 2010, 188(5): 365-373.
30.	Kim YS, Jin GY, Chae KJ, et al. Visually stratified CT honeycombing as a survival predictor in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Br J Radiol, 2015, 88(1055): 20150545.
31.	Lee CH, Kim HJ, Park CM, et al. The impact of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema on mortality. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 2011, 15(8): 1111-1116.
32.	Sato S, Tanino Y, Misa K, et al. Identification of clinical phenotypes in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia with pulmonary emphysema. Intern Med, 2016, 55(12): 1529-1535.
33.	Yoon HY, Kim TH, Seo JB, et al. Effects of emphysema on physiological and prognostic characteristics of lung function in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respirology, 2019, 24(1): 55-62.
34.	Tzouvelekis A, Zacharis G, Oikonomou A, et al. Increased incidence of autoimmune markers in patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. BMC Pulm Med, 2013, 13: 31.
35.	Tasaka S, Mizoguchi K, Funatsu Y, et al. Cytokine profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Respirology, 2012, 17(5): 814-820.
36.	Cottin V, Hansell DM, Sverzellati N, et al. Effect of emphysema extent on serial lung function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2017, 196(9): 1162-1171.
37.	Ando K, Sekiya M, Tobino K, et al. Relationship between quantitative CT metrics and pulmonary function in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Lung, 2013, 191(6): 585-591.
38.	Kitaguchi Y, Fujimoto K, Hayashi R, et al. Annual changes in pulmonary function in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: over a 5-year follow-up. Respir Med, 2013, 107(12): 1986-1992.
39.	Poncot-Mongars R, Zysman M, Regent D, et al. [Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: the natural history of the disease.The chronological evolution of clinical features, respiratory function and the CT scan]. Rev Mal Respir, 2013, 30(3): 222-226.
40.	Mori K, Shirai T, Mikamo M, et al. Colored 3-dimensional analyses of respiratory resistance and reactance in COPD and asthma. COPD, 2011, 8(6): 456-463.
41.	Hage R, Gautschi F, Steinack C, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) clinical features and management. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis, 2021, 16: 167-177.
42.	Du Bois RM, Weycker D, Albera C, et al. Ascertainment of individual risk of mortality for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2011, 184(4): 459-466.
43.	Moll M, Sakornsakolpat P, Shrine N, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and related phenotypes: polygenic risk scores in population-based and case-control cohorts. Lancet Respir Med, 2020, 8(7): 696-708.
44.	Lynch DA, Austin JH, Hogg JC, et al. CT-definable subtypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a statement of the Fleischner Society. Radiology, 2015, 277(1): 192-205.
45.	Inomata M, Ikushima S, Awano N, et al. An autopsy study of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: correlations among clinical, radiological, and pathological features. BMC Pulm Med, 2014, 14: 104.
46.	Cottin V, Cordier JF. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in connective tissue disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med, 2012, 18(5): 418-427.
47.	Cottin V, Brillet PY, Nunes H, et al. [Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema]. Presse Med, 2007, 36(6 Pt 2): 936-944.
48.	Kinoshita Y, Watanabe K, Ishii H, et al. Distribution of emphysema and fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with coexisting emphysema. Histopathology, 2019, 74(7): 1103-1108.
49.	Antoniou KM, Walsh SL, Hansell DM, et al. Smoking-related emphysema is associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and rheumatoid lung. Respirology, 2013, 18(8): 1191-1196.
50.	Weiss W. Smoking and pulmonary fibrosis. J Occup Med, 1988, 30(1): 33-39.
51.	Bellou V, Belbasis L, Evangelou E. Tobacco smoking and risk for pulmonary fibrosis: a prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank. Chest, 2021, 160(3): 983-993.
52.	Foronjy R, D'armiento J. The effect of cigarette smoke-derived oxidants on the inflammatory response of the lung. Clin Appl Immunol Rev, 2006, 6(1): 53-72.
53.	Hubbard R, Lewis S, Richards K, et al. Occupational exposure to metal or wood dust and aetiology of cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. Lancet, 1996, 347(8997): 284-289.
54.	Iwai K, Mori T, Yamada N, et al. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Epidemiologic approaches to occupational exposure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 1994, 150(3): 670-675.
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1. Wiggins J, Strickland B, Turner-Warwick M. Combined cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and emphysema: the value of high resolution computed tomography in assessment. Respir Med, 1990, 84(5): 365-369.
2. Cottin V, Nunes H, Brillet PY, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: a distinct underrecognised entity. Eur Respir J, 2005, 26(4): 586-593.
3. Scadding JG. Health and disease: what can medicine do for philosophy? J Med Ethics, 1988, 14(3): 118-124.
4. Cottin V, Selman M, Inoue Y, et al. Syndrome of Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema: An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Research Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2022, 206(4): e7-e41.
5. Chae KJ, Jin GY, Han YM, et al. Prevalence and progression of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in asymptomatic smokers: A case-control study. Eur Radiol, 2015, 25(8): 2326-2334.
6. 馬江偉, 李振華, 許慧, 等. 特發性肺間質纖維化合并肺氣腫與未合并肺氣腫患者的臨床對比研究. 中華結核和呼吸雜志, 2013, 36(3): 173-176.
7. Lai RS, Chen CF, Chu KA, et al. The effect of emphysema on survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a retrospective study in Taiwan. J Chin Med Assoc, 2019, 82(12): 922-928.
8. Ryerson C J, Hartman T, Elicker BM, et al. Clinical features and outcomes in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Chest, 2013, 144(1): 234-240.
9. Sangani R, Ghio A, Culp S, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis emphysema: role of cigarette smoking and pulmonary hypertension in a rural cohort. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis, 2021, 16: 1873-1885.
10. Kim HJ, Snyder LD, Neely ML, et al. Clinical outcomes of patients with combined idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in the IPF-PRO Registry. Lung, 2022, 200(1): 21-29.
11. Akagi T, Matsumoto T, Harada T, et al. Coexistent emphysema delays the decrease of vital capacity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Med, 2009, 103(8): 1209-1215.
12. Kurashima K, Takayanagi N, Tsuchiya N, et al. The effect of emphysema on lung function and survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respirology, 2010, 15(5): 843-848.
13. Nemoto M, Nei Y, Bartholmai B, et al. Automated computed tomography quantification of fibrosis predicts prognosis in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in a real-world setting: a single-centre, retrospective study. Respir Res, 2020, 21(1): 275.
14. Alsumrain M, De Giacomi F, Nasim F, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema as a clinicoradiologic entity: characterization of presenting lung fibrosis and implications for survival. Respir Med, 2019, 146: 106-112.
15. 吳蘇佶, 魏毅, 石俊青, 等. 肺纖維化合并肺氣腫綜合征的臨床特征與危險因素分析. 中國呼吸與危重監護雜志, 2021, 20(01): 4-11.
16. Liu Q, Sun D, Wang Y, et al. Use of machine learning models to predict prognosis of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in a Chinese population. BMC Pulm Med, 2022, 22(1): 327.
17. Zhang LJ, Zhang CL, Dong FS, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: a retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis. BMC Pulm Med, 2016, 16(1): 137.
18. Yuan XT, Jin J, Xu XM. Development of a nomogram for predicting the presence of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. BMC Pulm Med, 2021, 21(1): 349.
19. Mori K, Shirai T, Mikamo M, et al. Respiratory mechanics measured by forced oscillation technique in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Respir Physiol Neurobiol, 2013, 185(2): 235-240.
20. Sugino K, Ishida F, Kikuchi N, et al. Comparison of clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema versus idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis alone. Respirology, 2014, 19(2): 239-245.
21. Yamamoto Y, Hirata H, Shiroyama T, et al. Respiratory impedance is associated with ventilation and diffusing capacity in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis combined with emphysema. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis, 2022, 17: 1495-1506.
22. Kitaguchi Y, Fujimoto K, Hanaoka M, et al. Clinical characteristics of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Respirology, 2010, 15(2): 265-271.
23. Kishaba T, Shimaoka Y, Fukuyama H, et al. A cohort study of mortality predictors and characteristics of patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. BMJ Open, 2012, 2(3): e000988.
24. Schmidt SL, Nambiar AM, Tayob N, et al. Pulmonary function measures predict mortality differently in IPF versus combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Eur Respir J, 2011, 38(1): 176-183.
25. Mejia M, Carrillo G, Rojas-Serrano J, et al. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: decreased survival associated with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. Chest, 2009, 136(1): 10-15.
26. Champtiaux N, Cottin V, Chassagnon G, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in systemic sclerosis: a syndrome associated with heavy morbidity and mortality. Semin Arthritis Rheum, 2019, 49(1): 98-104.
27. Tomioka H, Mamesaya N, Yamashita S, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: effect of pulmonary rehabilitation in comparison with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. BMJ Open Respir Res, 2016, 3(1): e000099.
28. 林敏杰, 張英為, 陳露露, 等. 肺纖維化合并肺氣腫與特發性肺纖維化臨床特點的比較. 中國呼吸與危重監護雜志, 2020, 19(06): 548-553.
29. Jankowich MD, Rounds S. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema alters physiology but has similar mortality to pulmonary fibrosis without emphysema. Lung, 2010, 188(5): 365-373.
30. Kim YS, Jin GY, Chae KJ, et al. Visually stratified CT honeycombing as a survival predictor in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Br J Radiol, 2015, 88(1055): 20150545.
31. Lee CH, Kim HJ, Park CM, et al. The impact of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema on mortality. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 2011, 15(8): 1111-1116.
32. Sato S, Tanino Y, Misa K, et al. Identification of clinical phenotypes in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia with pulmonary emphysema. Intern Med, 2016, 55(12): 1529-1535.
33. Yoon HY, Kim TH, Seo JB, et al. Effects of emphysema on physiological and prognostic characteristics of lung function in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respirology, 2019, 24(1): 55-62.
34. Tzouvelekis A, Zacharis G, Oikonomou A, et al. Increased incidence of autoimmune markers in patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. BMC Pulm Med, 2013, 13: 31.
35. Tasaka S, Mizoguchi K, Funatsu Y, et al. Cytokine profile of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Respirology, 2012, 17(5): 814-820.
36. Cottin V, Hansell DM, Sverzellati N, et al. Effect of emphysema extent on serial lung function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2017, 196(9): 1162-1171.
37. Ando K, Sekiya M, Tobino K, et al. Relationship between quantitative CT metrics and pulmonary function in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. Lung, 2013, 191(6): 585-591.
38. Kitaguchi Y, Fujimoto K, Hayashi R, et al. Annual changes in pulmonary function in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: over a 5-year follow-up. Respir Med, 2013, 107(12): 1986-1992.
39. Poncot-Mongars R, Zysman M, Regent D, et al. [Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: the natural history of the disease.The chronological evolution of clinical features, respiratory function and the CT scan]. Rev Mal Respir, 2013, 30(3): 222-226.
40. Mori K, Shirai T, Mikamo M, et al. Colored 3-dimensional analyses of respiratory resistance and reactance in COPD and asthma. COPD, 2011, 8(6): 456-463.
41. Hage R, Gautschi F, Steinack C, et al. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) clinical features and management. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis, 2021, 16: 167-177.
42. Du Bois RM, Weycker D, Albera C, et al. Ascertainment of individual risk of mortality for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2011, 184(4): 459-466.
43. Moll M, Sakornsakolpat P, Shrine N, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and related phenotypes: polygenic risk scores in population-based and case-control cohorts. Lancet Respir Med, 2020, 8(7): 696-708.
44. Lynch DA, Austin JH, Hogg JC, et al. CT-definable subtypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a statement of the Fleischner Society. Radiology, 2015, 277(1): 192-205.
45. Inomata M, Ikushima S, Awano N, et al. An autopsy study of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: correlations among clinical, radiological, and pathological features. BMC Pulm Med, 2014, 14: 104.
46. Cottin V, Cordier JF. Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in connective tissue disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med, 2012, 18(5): 418-427.
47. Cottin V, Brillet PY, Nunes H, et al. [Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema]. Presse Med, 2007, 36(6 Pt 2): 936-944.
48. Kinoshita Y, Watanabe K, Ishii H, et al. Distribution of emphysema and fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with coexisting emphysema. Histopathology, 2019, 74(7): 1103-1108.
49. Antoniou KM, Walsh SL, Hansell DM, et al. Smoking-related emphysema is associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and rheumatoid lung. Respirology, 2013, 18(8): 1191-1196.
50. Weiss W. Smoking and pulmonary fibrosis. J Occup Med, 1988, 30(1): 33-39.
51. Bellou V, Belbasis L, Evangelou E. Tobacco smoking and risk for pulmonary fibrosis: a prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank. Chest, 2021, 160(3): 983-993.
52. Foronjy R, D'armiento J. The effect of cigarette smoke-derived oxidants on the inflammatory response of the lung. Clin Appl Immunol Rev, 2006, 6(1): 53-72.
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