Analysis of dominant views in ultrasound examination of common congenital heart diseases in children_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

PAN Yanan ,  YU Jin , YE Jingjing , LIU Qingqing

Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China;

Corresponding?author：

YU Jin, Email: 6503067@zju.edu.cn

Keywords：

Echocardiography; congenital heart disease; ultrasonic view; analysis

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.202410013

Video：

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Objective To explore the dominant views with positive results when performing echocardiography on common congenital heart diseases (CHD) in children using the "Seven-Step Screening Method for Pediatric Echocardiography". Methods The echocardiographic data of children with atrial septal defect, patent foramen ovale, ventricular septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus were collected from September 2021 to February 2022. The disease type distribution, view distribution, and the dominant view distribution were analyzed. Dominant view refered to the view with a high ratio of positive result images per view to the total image in each disease. Results A total of 8 353 images of 1 633 children with common CHD were collected. There were 813 males and 820 females at age of 0-7 years. Including 3 613 images in 701 patients with atrial septal defect, 1 178 images in 206 patients with patent foramen ovale, 2 857 images in 576 patients with ventricular septal defect, and 705 images in 150 patients with patent ductus arteriosus. The dominant views of atrial septal defect were subxiphoid 2-chamber view (92.96%), subxiphoid 4-chamber view (85.61%), parasternal 4-chamber view (62.07%), and parasternal short-axis view (38.50%). The dominant views of patent foramen ovale were subxiphoid 2-chamber view (82.69%) and subxiphoid 4-chamber view (65.41%). The dominant views of ventricular septal defect were parasternal 5-chamber view (79.73%), parasternal short-axis view (79.41%), parasternal 4-chamber view (58.18%), and parasternal long-axis view (51.11%). The dominant view of patent ductus arteriosus were parasternal short-axis view (98.80%). Conclusions The analysis of the lesion key areas of common CHD showed that there were 4 dominant views for atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect, 2 for patent foramen ovale, and only 1 for patent ductus arteriosus. Clarifying the dominant views of common CHD were conducive to rapid and accurate diagnosis of diseases, clinical, teaching and scientific research.

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16.	賀新建, 魏九茹, 崔云, 等. 超聲心動圖對嬰幼兒右位動脈導管未閉的篩查診斷方法及價值. 中華超聲影像學雜志, 2023, 32(8): 679-684.He XJ, Wei JR, Cu Y, et al. Diagnostic method and value of echocardiography for sereening right patent ductus arteriosus in infants. Chin J Ultrasonogr, 2023, 32(8): 679-684.
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19.	Sermesant M, Delingette H, Cochet H, et al. Applications of artificial intelligence in cardiovascular imaging. Nat Rev Cardiol, 2021, 18(8): 600-609.
20.	Omar AMS, Krittanawong C, Narula S, et al. Echocardiographic data in artificial intelligence research: Primer on concepts of big data and latent states. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging, 2020, 13(1): 170-172.
21.	Gearhart A, Goto S, Deo RC, et al. An automated view classification model for pediatric echocardiography using artificial intelligence. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2022, 35(12): 1238-1246.
22.	Jiang X, Yu J, Ye J, et al. A deep learning-based method for pediatric congenital heart disease detection with seven standard views in echocardiography. World J Pediatr Surg, 2023, 6(3): e000580.
23.	Wang J, Xie W, Cheng M, et al. Assessment of transcatheter or surgical closure of atrial septal defect using interpretable deep keypoint stadiometry. Research (Wash D C), 2022: 9790653.

1. Zhao L, Chen L, Yang T, et al. Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease in China, 1980-2019: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 617 studies. Eur J Epidemiol, 2020, 35: 631-42.
2. Liu Y, Chen S, Zühlke L, et al. Global birth prevalence of congenital heart defects 1970-2017: updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 260 studies. Int J Epidemiol, 2019, 48(2): 455-463.
3. Zhao QM, Liu F, Wu L, et al. Prevalence of congenital heart disease at live birth in China. J Pediatr, 2019, 204: 53-58.
4. GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet, 2020, 396(10258): 1204-1222.
5. Qiu YX, Jiang W, Zhang JY, et al. Using echocardiography in newborn screening for congenital heart disease may reduce missed diagnoses. World J Pediatr, 2022, 18(9): 629-631.
6. 中華醫學會心血管病學分會, 中華心血管病雜志編輯委員會. 卵圓孔未閉規范化診療中國專家共識. 中華心血管病雜志, 2024, 52(4): 369-383.Chinese Medical Association Cardiovascular Branch, Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Cardiology. Chinese expert consensus on the standardized diagnosis and treatment of patent foramen ovale. Chin J Cardiol, 2024, 52(4): 369-383.
7. Liu X, Xu W, Yu J, et al. Screening for congenital heart defects: Diversified strategies in current China. World Jnl Ped Surgery, 2019(2): e000051.
8. 王音, 王崢, 徐鵬, 等. 西北地區單中心胎兒先心病超聲診斷與一體化管理的初步研究. 中華超聲影像學雜志, 2018, 27(9): 759-765.WangY, Wang Z, Xu P, et al. Study on diagnosis of fetal congenital heart disease by echocardiography and integrated management in a single center in northwestern region of China. Chin J Ultrasonogr, 2018, 27(9): 759-765.
9. 葉菁菁, 徐瑋澤, 俞勁, 等. 小兒先天性心臟病超聲七步篩查法. 國作登字-2019-L-00817470. 2019.7. 1. Ye JJ, Xu WZ, Yu J, et al. Seven-step screening method for pediatric echocardiography. 2019-L-00817470.
10. 劉玉清. 先天性心臟病診斷的節段分析法. 中華放射學雜志, 1998, 32(08): 25-28.Liu YQ. Segmental analysis for the diagnosis of congenital heart disease. Chin J Radiol, 1998, 32(08): 25-28.
11. Lai WW, Geva T, Shirali GS, et al. Guidelines and standards for performance of a pediatric echocardiogram: A report from the Task Force of the Pediatric Council of the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2006, 19(12): 1413-1430.
12. 趙博文, 任衛東, 王建華. 美國超聲心動圖學會《小兒超聲心動圖操作指南和標準》簡介與解讀. 中華醫學超聲雜志(電子版), 2015, 12(03): 177-183.Zhao BW, Ren WD, Wang JH. Introduction and interpretation of guidelines and standards for performance of a pediatric echocardiogram: A report from the Task Force of the Pediatric Council of the American Society of Echocardiography. Chin J Med Ultrasound(Electronic Edition), 2015, 12(03): 177-183.
13. 葉菁菁, 樓丹娜, 俞勁, 等. 進修醫生小兒超聲心動圖基礎的問卷調查與對策研究. 中國高等醫學教育, 2023(4): 121-122.Ye JJ, Lou DN, Yu J, et al. Questionnaire survey and countermeasure study of pediatric echocardiography basis for doctors in training. Chin Higher Med Education, 2023(4): 121-122.
14. 趙鐳, 林慧佳, 俞勁, 等. 小兒先天性心臟病超聲七步篩查法在極低出生體重兒動脈導管未閉診療中的應用. 浙江醫學, 2022, 44(20): 2149-2153.Zhao L, Lin HJ, Yu J, et al. Application of seven-step echocardiographic screening of congenital heart disease in predicting clinical outcome of very lowbirth weight infants with patent ductus arteriosus. J Zj Med, 2022, 44(20): 2149-2153.
15. 國家衛生健康委員會國家結構性心臟病介入質量控制中心, 國家心血管病中心結構性心臟病介入質量控制中心, 中華醫學會心血管病學分會先心病經皮介入治療指南工作組, 等. 常見先天性心臟病經皮介入治療指南(2021版). 中華醫學雜志, 2021, 101(38): 3054-3076.National Center for Quality Control of Structural Heart Disease Interventions of the National Health Commission, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease Quality Control for Structural Cardiology Interventions, Working Group on Guidelines for Percutaneous Interventional Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease, Branch of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chinese Medical Association, et al. Guidelines for percutaneous interventional treatment of common congenital heart diseases. Natl Med J China, 2021, 101(38): 3054-3076.
16. 賀新建, 魏九茹, 崔云, 等. 超聲心動圖對嬰幼兒右位動脈導管未閉的篩查診斷方法及價值. 中華超聲影像學雜志, 2023, 32(8): 679-684.He XJ, Wei JR, Cu Y, et al. Diagnostic method and value of echocardiography for sereening right patent ductus arteriosus in infants. Chin J Ultrasonogr, 2023, 32(8): 679-684.
17. 王新房, 謝明星, 主編. 超聲心動圖學. 第5版. 北京: 人民衛生出版社, 2015.787-848. Wang XF, Xie MX, Editor. Textbook of echocardiography. Fifth edition. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2015.787-848.
18. 吳云瀟瀟, 張立波, 龔丁旭, 等. 人工智能在先天性心臟病影像診斷中應用研究進展. 中華實用診斷與治療雜志, 2024, 38(08): 856-859.Wu YXX, Zhang LB, Gong DX, et al. Application of artificial intelligence in the imaging diagnosis of congenital heart disease. J Chin Pract Diagn Ther, 2024, 38(08): 856-859.
19. Sermesant M, Delingette H, Cochet H, et al. Applications of artificial intelligence in cardiovascular imaging. Nat Rev Cardiol, 2021, 18(8): 600-609.
20. Omar AMS, Krittanawong C, Narula S, et al. Echocardiographic data in artificial intelligence research: Primer on concepts of big data and latent states. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging, 2020, 13(1): 170-172.
21. Gearhart A, Goto S, Deo RC, et al. An automated view classification model for pediatric echocardiography using artificial intelligence. J Am Soc Echocardiogr, 2022, 35(12): 1238-1246.
22. Jiang X, Yu J, Ye J, et al. A deep learning-based method for pediatric congenital heart disease detection with seven standard views in echocardiography. World J Pediatr Surg, 2023, 6(3): e000580.
23. Wang J, Xie W, Cheng M, et al. Assessment of transcatheter or surgical closure of atrial septal defect using interpretable deep keypoint stadiometry. Research (Wash D C), 2022: 9790653.

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Latest ArticlesAnalysis of dominant views in ultrasound examination of common congenital heart diseases in children

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