Experimental study of subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells inhibiting orthodontic root resorption_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

ZHANG Dan ¹ , YANG Chunxian ¹ ^{△共同第一作者} , XU Peng ¹ , TANG Nana ¹ , XIAO Shune ² ,  ZHANG Jiangtao ¹

1. First Department of Orthodontics, Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou, 563000, P. R. China;
2. Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou, 563003, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

ZHANG Jiangtao, Email: 1223371848@qq.com

Keywords：

Othodontically induced root resorption; human subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells; orthodontic tooth movement; cementoclasts; osteoclasts

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.202309030

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Objective To investigate the effect of human subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) local transplantation on orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR) and provide theoretical and experimental basis for the clinical application of hADSCs to inhibit OIRR. Methods Forty 8-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 20 rats in each group, to establish the first molar mesial orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) model of rat right maxillary. The rats in the experimental group were injected with 25 μL of cell suspension containing 2.5×10⁵ hADSCs on the 1st, 4th, 8th, and 12th day of modeling, while the rats in the control group were injected with 25 μL of PBS. The rat maxillary models were obtained before and after 7 and 14 days of force application, and 10 rats in each group were killed and sampled after 7 and 14 days of force application. The OTM distance was measured by stereomicroscope, the root morphology of the pressure side was observed by scanning electron microscope and the root resorption area ratio was measured. The root resorption and periodontal tissue remodeling of the pressure side were observed by HE staining and the root resorption index was calculated. The number of cementoclast and osteoclast in the periodontal tissue on the pressure side was counted by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase staining. Results The TOM distance of both groups increased with the extension of the force application time, and there was no significant difference (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in OTM distance between the experimental group and the control group after 7 and 14 days of force application (P>0.05). Scanning electron microscope observation showed that small and shallow scattered resorption lacunae were observed on the root surface of the experimental group and the control group after 7 days of force application, and there was no significant difference in the root resorption area ratio between the two groups (P>0.05); after 14 days of application, the root resorption lacunae deepened and became larger in both groups, and the root resorption area ratio in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The range and depth of root absorption in the experimental group were smaller and shallower than those in the control group, and the root absorption index in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group after 14 days of force application (P<0.05). The number of cementoclast in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group after 7 and 14 days of force application (P<0.05); the number of osteoclasts in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group after 14 days of force application (P<0.05). Conclusion Local transplantation of hADSCs may reduce the area and depth of root resorption by reducing the number of cementoclasts and osteoclasts during OTM in rats, thereby inhibiting orthodontic-derived root resorption.

Citation： ZHANG Dan, YANG Chunxian, XU Peng, TANG Nana, XIAO Shune, ZHANG Jiangtao. Experimental study of subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells inhibiting orthodontic root resorption. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2023, 37(12): 1533-1540. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.202309030 Copy

1.	周鑫, 陳莉莉. 正畸治療與牙根吸收的關系. 中華口腔醫學雜志, 2023, 58(9): 893-898.
2.	Feller L, Khammissa RA, Thomadakis G, et al. Apical external root resorption and repair in orthodontic tooth movement: Biological events. Biomed Res Int, 2016, 2016: 4864195. doi: 10.1155/2016/4864195.
3.	Marques LS, Ramos-Jorge ML, Rey AC, et al. Severe root resorption in orthodontic patients treated with the edgewise method: prevalence and predictive factors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2010, 137(3): 384-388.
4.	Li H, Li Y, Zou J, et al. Sinomenine inhibits orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats and enhances osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2022, 16: 2949-2965.
5.	周艷妮, 袁學順, 岳子琪, 等. 局部注射淫羊藿苷對大鼠正畸致炎性牙根吸收的影響. 西安交通大學學報 (醫學版), 2015, 36(3): 400-403, 413.
6.	Farouk K, Shipley T, El-Bialy T. Effect of the application of high-frequency mechanical vibration on tooth length concurrent with orthodontic treatment using clear aligners: A retrospective study. J Orthod Sci, 2018, 7: 20. doi: 10.4103/jos.JOS_53_18.
7.	樊秀汝, 高建軍, 劉佳. 低能量激光在正畸領域應用的研究進展. 激光雜志, 2023, 44(2): 8-12.
8.	El-Bialy T, Farouk K, Carlyle TD, et al. Effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on tooth movement and root resorption: A prospective multi-center randomized controlled trial. J Clin Med, 2020, 9(3): 804. doi: 10.3390/jcm9030804.
9.	Nayyer N, Tripathi T, Rai P, et al. Effect of photobiomodulation on external root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement—a randomized controlled trial. Int Orthod, 2021, 19(2): 197-206.
10.	Al-Dboush R, Flores-Mir C, El-Bialy T. Impact of intraoral non-pharmacological non-surgical adjunctive interventions on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption in humans: A systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res, 2021, 24(4): 459-479.
11.	Amuk NG, Kurt G, Baran Y, et al. Effects of cell-mediated osteoprotegerin gene transfer and mesenchymal stem cell applications on orthodontically induced root resorption of rat teeth. Eur J Orthod, 2017, 39(3): 235-242.
12.	Gul Amuk N, Kurt G, Karsli E, et al. Effects of mesenchymal stem cell transfer on orthodontically induced root resorption and orthodontic tooth movement during orthodontic arch expansion protocols: an experimental study in rats. Eur J Orthod, 2020, 42(3): 305-316.
13.	周建萍. 人尿源性干細胞促進移動性牙根吸收修復的體內外研究. 重慶: 重慶醫科大學, 2019.
14.	鄧呈亮, 劉志遠, 姚遠鎮, 等. 人脂肪來源干細胞對小鼠壓瘡愈合影響的實驗研究. 中國修復重建外科雜志, 2018, 32(6): 726-735.
15.	焦瑤, 郭力嘉, 厲松. 正畸牙移動動物模型的研究進展. 中華口腔正畸學雜志, 2022, 29(2): 99-103.
16.	楊春先, 張丹, 唐丁炫. 間充質干細胞在正畸牙移動及牙根吸收中的研究進展. 海南醫學, 2023, 34(11): 1666-1672.
17.	徐秋, 邱新毓, 仇珺, 等. 脂肪干細胞來源外泌體通過miR-21a-5p/PTEN途徑促進牙周膜干細胞成骨分化. 北京口腔醫學, 2023, 31(3): 153-158.
18.	Zhou Y, Nishiura A, Morikuni H, et al. RANKL+ senescent cells under mechanical stress: a therapeutic target for orthodontic root resorption using senolytics. Int J Oral Sci, 2023, 15(1): 20. doi: 10.1038/s41368-023-00228-1.
19.	Jiang H, Kitaura H, Liu L, et al. The miR-155-5p inhibits osteoclast differentiation through targeting CXCR2 in orthodontic root resorption. J Periodontal Res, 2021, 56(4): 761-773.
20.	Yamaguchi M, Fukasawa S. Is inflammation a friend or foe for orthodontic treatment?: Inflammation in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption and accelerating tooth movement. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(5): 2388. doi: 10.3390/ijms22052388.
21.	Navya S, Prashantha GS, Sabrish S, et al. Evaluation of the effect of local administration of PRP vs vitamin D3 on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and the associated external apical root resorption. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res, 2022, 12(6): 879-884.
22.	蔡原, 鄧呈亮. 脂肪干細胞無細胞提取液的治療用途: 皮膚老化、創面愈合、瘢痕恢復乃至神經再生. 中國組織工程研究, 2021, 25(13): 2097-2102.
23.	顧磊, 戴紅衛, 周雯雯, 等. 尿源性干細胞外泌體對移動性牙根吸收修復的影響及其作用機制. 廣西醫學, 2020, 42(22): 2960-2964.

1. 周鑫, 陳莉莉. 正畸治療與牙根吸收的關系. 中華口腔醫學雜志, 2023, 58(9): 893-898.
2. Feller L, Khammissa RA, Thomadakis G, et al. Apical external root resorption and repair in orthodontic tooth movement: Biological events. Biomed Res Int, 2016, 2016: 4864195. doi: 10.1155/2016/4864195.
3. Marques LS, Ramos-Jorge ML, Rey AC, et al. Severe root resorption in orthodontic patients treated with the edgewise method: prevalence and predictive factors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2010, 137(3): 384-388.
4. Li H, Li Y, Zou J, et al. Sinomenine inhibits orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats and enhances osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Drug Des Devel Ther, 2022, 16: 2949-2965.
5. 周艷妮, 袁學順, 岳子琪, 等. 局部注射淫羊藿苷對大鼠正畸致炎性牙根吸收的影響. 西安交通大學學報 (醫學版), 2015, 36(3): 400-403, 413.
6. Farouk K, Shipley T, El-Bialy T. Effect of the application of high-frequency mechanical vibration on tooth length concurrent with orthodontic treatment using clear aligners: A retrospective study. J Orthod Sci, 2018, 7: 20. doi: 10.4103/jos.JOS_53_18.
7. 樊秀汝, 高建軍, 劉佳. 低能量激光在正畸領域應用的研究進展. 激光雜志, 2023, 44(2): 8-12.
8. El-Bialy T, Farouk K, Carlyle TD, et al. Effect of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on tooth movement and root resorption: A prospective multi-center randomized controlled trial. J Clin Med, 2020, 9(3): 804. doi: 10.3390/jcm9030804.
9. Nayyer N, Tripathi T, Rai P, et al. Effect of photobiomodulation on external root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement—a randomized controlled trial. Int Orthod, 2021, 19(2): 197-206.
10. Al-Dboush R, Flores-Mir C, El-Bialy T. Impact of intraoral non-pharmacological non-surgical adjunctive interventions on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption in humans: A systematic review. Orthod Craniofac Res, 2021, 24(4): 459-479.
11. Amuk NG, Kurt G, Baran Y, et al. Effects of cell-mediated osteoprotegerin gene transfer and mesenchymal stem cell applications on orthodontically induced root resorption of rat teeth. Eur J Orthod, 2017, 39(3): 235-242.
12. Gul Amuk N, Kurt G, Karsli E, et al. Effects of mesenchymal stem cell transfer on orthodontically induced root resorption and orthodontic tooth movement during orthodontic arch expansion protocols: an experimental study in rats. Eur J Orthod, 2020, 42(3): 305-316.
13. 周建萍. 人尿源性干細胞促進移動性牙根吸收修復的體內外研究. 重慶: 重慶醫科大學, 2019.
14. 鄧呈亮, 劉志遠, 姚遠鎮, 等. 人脂肪來源干細胞對小鼠壓瘡愈合影響的實驗研究. 中國修復重建外科雜志, 2018, 32(6): 726-735.
15. 焦瑤, 郭力嘉, 厲松. 正畸牙移動動物模型的研究進展. 中華口腔正畸學雜志, 2022, 29(2): 99-103.
16. 楊春先, 張丹, 唐丁炫. 間充質干細胞在正畸牙移動及牙根吸收中的研究進展. 海南醫學, 2023, 34(11): 1666-1672.
17. 徐秋, 邱新毓, 仇珺, 等. 脂肪干細胞來源外泌體通過miR-21a-5p/PTEN途徑促進牙周膜干細胞成骨分化. 北京口腔醫學, 2023, 31(3): 153-158.
18. Zhou Y, Nishiura A, Morikuni H, et al. RANKL+ senescent cells under mechanical stress: a therapeutic target for orthodontic root resorption using senolytics. Int J Oral Sci, 2023, 15(1): 20. doi: 10.1038/s41368-023-00228-1.
19. Jiang H, Kitaura H, Liu L, et al. The miR-155-5p inhibits osteoclast differentiation through targeting CXCR2 in orthodontic root resorption. J Periodontal Res, 2021, 56(4): 761-773.
20. Yamaguchi M, Fukasawa S. Is inflammation a friend or foe for orthodontic treatment?: Inflammation in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption and accelerating tooth movement. Int J Mol Sci, 2021, 22(5): 2388. doi: 10.3390/ijms22052388.
21. Navya S, Prashantha GS, Sabrish S, et al. Evaluation of the effect of local administration of PRP vs vitamin D3 on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and the associated external apical root resorption. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res, 2022, 12(6): 879-884.
22. 蔡原, 鄧呈亮. 脂肪干細胞無細胞提取液的治療用途: 皮膚老化、創面愈合、瘢痕恢復乃至神經再生. 中國組織工程研究, 2021, 25(13): 2097-2102.
23. 顧磊, 戴紅衛, 周雯雯, 等. 尿源性干細胞外泌體對移動性牙根吸收修復的影響及其作用機制. 廣西醫學, 2020, 42(22): 2960-2964.

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Experimental study of subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells inhibiting orthodontic root resorption

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