ESTABLISHMENT OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEGENERATION OF RABBITS BY USING MINIMALLY INVASIVE ACUPUNCTURE AND ROTARY-CUTTING_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

TANWeiwei ¹ ,  HEShenghua ² , SUNZhitao ² , WANGYeguang ² , WANGJian ² , LAIJuyi ³

1. Graduate Department of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei Anhui, 230000, P.R.China;
2. No.3 Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital;
3. Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine;

Corresponding?author：

HEShenghua, Email: heshenghua99@163.com

Keywords：

Minimally invasive modeling; Acupuncture and rotary-cutting; Disc degeneration; Rabbit

DOI：

10.7507/1002-1892.20160067

Video：

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Objective To investigate the feasibility of establishing intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) model by using minimally invasive acupuncture and rotary-cutting. Methods Forty New Zealand white rabbits [male or female, (2.9±0.3) kg in weight] were randomly divided into control group (n=20) and experimental group (n=20). No treatment was done in the control group; percutaneous puncture was performed on L_{4, 5} and L_{5, 6} intervertebral disc by using 18G needle under C-arm X-ray monitoring for rotary-cutting of nucleus pulposus to promote degeneration of the disc in the experimental group. At 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after operation, general observation and MRI observation were done, and intervertebral disc degeneration was accessed based on Pfirrmann grade; the specimens were harvested for Masson staining and Safranine O staining. Results The nucleus pulposus showed dark colors and reduced elasticity in the experimental group when compared with the control group. T2-weighted MRI images indicated that the disc signal intensity of control group had no obvious change at early stage, and weakened slightly at late stage; disc signal intensity of the experimental group decreased with time. According to Pfirrmann grade for disc degeneration, disc degeneration degree was significantly aggravated with time in 2 groups (P < 0.05); degeneration was significantly more severe in the experimental group than the control group at the other time points (P < 0.05) except 4 weeks (P > 0.05). Masson staining results showed that irregular arrangement of annulus with integrate structure was observed in the control group with time; the annulus of the experimental group arranged in disorder, or even disc fibrous circle rupture appeared with time. Safranin O staining showed that the nucleus pulposus cells reduced significantly in the experimental group, but did not in the control group. Conclusion Minimally invasive acupuncture and rotary-cutting could successfully establish the IDD model in rabbits.

Citation： TANWeiwei, HEShenghua, SUNZhitao, WANGYeguang, WANGJian, LAIJuyi. ESTABLISHMENT OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEGENERATION OF RABBITS BY USING MINIMALLY INVASIVE ACUPUNCTURE AND ROTARY-CUTTING. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2016, 30(3): 343-347. doi: 10.7507/1002-1892.20160067 Copy

1.	Masuda K, Aota Y, Muehleman C, et al. A novel rabbit model of mild, reproducible disc degeneration by an anulus needle puncture: correlation between the degree of disc injury and radiological and histological appearances of disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 5-14.
2.	Sobajima S, Kompel JF, Kim JS, et al. A slowly progressive and reproducible animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration characterized by MRI, X-ray, and histology. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 15-24.
3.	王玨, 張雷, 劉楊青, 等.經皮微創纖維環穿刺法制作兔椎間盤退變模型.第三軍醫大學學報, 2013, 35(15): 1579-1582.
4.	Pfirrmann CW, Metzdorf A, Zanetti M, et al. Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2001, 26(17): 1873-1878.
5.	Silberberg R. The vertebral column of diabetic sand rats (psammomys obesus). Exp Cell Biol, 1988, 56(4): 217-220.
6.	吳靖平, 陳統一, 陳中偉, 等.雙后肢大鼠椎間盤退變動物模型的建立.中華實驗外科雜志, 2004, 21(1): 105-107.
7.	Clouel J, Pot-Vaucel M, Grimandi G, et al. Characterization of the age-dependent intervertebral disc changes in rabbit by correlation between MRI, histology and gene expression. BMC Musculoskelet Disorrl, 2011, 12: 147.
8.	夏冬冬, 林勝磊, 趙浩增, 等.建立剪切應力導致椎間盤退變模型.醫用生物力學, 2013, 28(5): 490-495.
9.	韋文姜, 郭文波, 吳志強, 等.兔纖維環穿刺及終板下椎骨缺血誘導下椎間盤退變模型的建立.影像診斷與介入放射學, 2014, 23(4): 283-287.
10.	Sobajima S, Shimer AL, Chadderdon RC, et al. Quantitative analysis of gene expression in a rabbit model of intervertebral disc degeneration by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Spine J, 2005, 5(1): 14-23.
11.	賀慶, 李兵, 卓祥龍, 等.經皮纖維環穿刺與經肌間隙纖維環刀刺建立兔椎間盤退變模型.中國組織工程研究, 2014, 18(13): 2059-2064.
12.	呂浩然, 劉尚禮, 丁悅, 等.兔腰椎間盤退變模型的建立及影像學分析.中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2005, 23(6): 643-647.
13.	Alini M, Eisenstein SM, Ito K, et al. Are animal models useful for studying human disc disorders/degeneration. Eur Spine J, 2008, 17(1): 2-19.
14.	謝林, 顧軍, 唐田, 等.山羊腰椎間盤退變微創動物模型研究.實用骨科雜志, 2015, 21(8): 709-713.
15.	Kim KS, Yoon ST, Li J, et al. Disc degeneration in the rabbit: a biochemical and radiological comparison between four disc injury models. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 33-37.
16.	吳健, 唐天駟, 王根林, 等.兔腰椎間盤退變模型的建立及影像學分析.蘇州大學學報(醫學版), 2007, 27(4): 552-554.
17.	Michalek AJ, Buckley MR, Bonassar LJ, et al. The effects of needle puncture injury on microscale shear strain in the intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus. Spine J, 2010, 10(12): 1098-1105.
18.	Longo UGL, Ripalda P, Denaro V, et al. Morphologic comparison of cervical, thoracic, lumbar intervertebral discs of cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Eur Spine J, 2006, 15(12): 1845-1851.
19.	桂柯科, 俞永林, 任偉民, 等.富血小板血漿(PRP)對兔早期椎間盤退變(IDD)的干預作用.復旦學報(醫學版), 2015, 42(2): 204-211, 229.

1. Masuda K, Aota Y, Muehleman C, et al. A novel rabbit model of mild, reproducible disc degeneration by an anulus needle puncture: correlation between the degree of disc injury and radiological and histological appearances of disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 5-14.
2. Sobajima S, Kompel JF, Kim JS, et al. A slowly progressive and reproducible animal model of intervertebral disc degeneration characterized by MRI, X-ray, and histology. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 15-24.
3. 王玨, 張雷, 劉楊青, 等.經皮微創纖維環穿刺法制作兔椎間盤退變模型.第三軍醫大學學報, 2013, 35(15): 1579-1582.
4. Pfirrmann CW, Metzdorf A, Zanetti M, et al. Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2001, 26(17): 1873-1878.
5. Silberberg R. The vertebral column of diabetic sand rats (psammomys obesus). Exp Cell Biol, 1988, 56(4): 217-220.
6. 吳靖平, 陳統一, 陳中偉, 等.雙后肢大鼠椎間盤退變動物模型的建立.中華實驗外科雜志, 2004, 21(1): 105-107.
7. Clouel J, Pot-Vaucel M, Grimandi G, et al. Characterization of the age-dependent intervertebral disc changes in rabbit by correlation between MRI, histology and gene expression. BMC Musculoskelet Disorrl, 2011, 12: 147.
8. 夏冬冬, 林勝磊, 趙浩增, 等.建立剪切應力導致椎間盤退變模型.醫用生物力學, 2013, 28(5): 490-495.
9. 韋文姜, 郭文波, 吳志強, 等.兔纖維環穿刺及終板下椎骨缺血誘導下椎間盤退變模型的建立.影像診斷與介入放射學, 2014, 23(4): 283-287.
10. Sobajima S, Shimer AL, Chadderdon RC, et al. Quantitative analysis of gene expression in a rabbit model of intervertebral disc degeneration by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Spine J, 2005, 5(1): 14-23.
11. 賀慶, 李兵, 卓祥龍, 等.經皮纖維環穿刺與經肌間隙纖維環刀刺建立兔椎間盤退變模型.中國組織工程研究, 2014, 18(13): 2059-2064.
12. 呂浩然, 劉尚禮, 丁悅, 等.兔腰椎間盤退變模型的建立及影像學分析.中國臨床解剖學雜志, 2005, 23(6): 643-647.
13. Alini M, Eisenstein SM, Ito K, et al. Are animal models useful for studying human disc disorders/degeneration. Eur Spine J, 2008, 17(1): 2-19.
14. 謝林, 顧軍, 唐田, 等.山羊腰椎間盤退變微創動物模型研究.實用骨科雜志, 2015, 21(8): 709-713.
15. Kim KS, Yoon ST, Li J, et al. Disc degeneration in the rabbit: a biochemical and radiological comparison between four disc injury models. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2005, 30(1): 33-37.
16. 吳健, 唐天駟, 王根林, 等.兔腰椎間盤退變模型的建立及影像學分析.蘇州大學學報(醫學版), 2007, 27(4): 552-554.
17. Michalek AJ, Buckley MR, Bonassar LJ, et al. The effects of needle puncture injury on microscale shear strain in the intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus. Spine J, 2010, 10(12): 1098-1105.
18. Longo UGL, Ripalda P, Denaro V, et al. Morphologic comparison of cervical, thoracic, lumbar intervertebral discs of cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Eur Spine J, 2006, 15(12): 1845-1851.
19. 桂柯科, 俞永林, 任偉民, 等.富血小板血漿(PRP)對兔早期椎間盤退變(IDD)的干預作用.復旦學報(醫學版), 2015, 42(2): 204-211, 229.

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