Research status of family resilience of caregiver_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

ZHANG Liang ¹ ,  ZHANG Hongbo ^1,2 , YAN Jiaqing ¹ , CHEN Ningning ³

1. Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China;
2. Department of Nursing, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 202150, P. R. China;
3. Department of Geriatrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

ZHANG Hongbo, Email: zhanghongbo72@163.com

Keywords：

Family resilience; caregiver; theory; influencing factor; intervention project

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202503075

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Family resilience is an important ability for families to cope with stress and adversity. This article systematically sorts out the theoretical system and practical application of family resilience, focusing on the improvement path of family resilience for caregiver. It integrates domestic and foreign research results from the dimensions of theoretical connotation, influencing factors, and intervention projects. Based on the analysis of the systemic deficiencies and weak sustainability of existing intervention plans, this paper proposes a research outlook on the resilience of caregivers’ families in the future, which has important reference value for improving the research paradigm of family resilience.

Citation： ZHANG Liang, ZHANG Hongbo, YAN Jiaqing, CHEN Ningning. Research status of family resilience of caregiver. West China Medical Journal, 2025, 40(6): 1016-1021. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202503075 Copy

1.	Walsh F. Family resilience: a developmental systems framework. Eur J Dev Psychol, 2016, 13(3): 313-324.
2.	褚曉妍. 中重度老年癡呆癥患者家庭抗逆力現況及影響因素的研究. 北京: 中國醫學科學院, 2022.
3.	Hriber?ek M, Eibensteiner F, Bukowski N, et al. Research areas and trends in family-centered care in the 21st century: a bibliometric review. Front Med (Lausanne), 2024, 11: 1401577.
4.	Alqarawi N, Alhalal E. Factors affecting family-centered care practice by nurses: a systematic review. J Pediatr Nurs, 2024, 78: 158-171.
5.	McCubbin HI, McCubbin MA. Typologies of resilient families: emerging roles of social class and ethnicity. Fam Relat, 1988, 37: 247-254.
6.	Patterson JM. Promoting resilience in families experiencing stress. Pediatr Clin North Am, 1995, 42(1): 47-63.
7.	Walsh F. The concept of family resilience: crisis and challenge. Fam Process, 1996, 35(3): 261-281.
8.	姚進忠, 邱思宇. 家庭抗逆力: 理論分辨、實踐演變與現實鏡鑒. 人文雜志, 2018(11): 116-128.
9.	Abulaiti B, Zhang X, Guan T, et al. The dyadic care experiences of elderly individuals with disabilities and caregivers in the home setting from the perspective of family resilience: a qualitative study. Front Psychiatry, 2022, 13: 963101.
10.	Hill R. Families under stress. New York: Harper & Row, 1949.
11.	Flynn A, Whittaker K, Donne AJ, et al. Feeling stretched: parents’ narratives about challenges to resilience when their child has a tracheostomy. J Child Health Care, 2024, 28(4): 815-828.
12.	McCubbin HI, Patterson JM. The family stress process. Marriage Fam Rev, 1983, 6(1/2): 7-37.
13.	李崇新, 汪菊芬. 西方家庭抗逆力理論: 內涵、模型與實務應用. 人口與社會, 2018, 34(2): 88-100.
14.	Patterson JM. Families experiencing stress: I. The family adjustment and adaptation response model, II. Applyingl the FAAR model to health related issues for intervention and research. Fam Syst Med, 1988(6): 202-237.
15.	Yuan L, Du Y, Gao Y, et al. The role of parenting stress and perceived social support in affecting family function among families of patients with cleft lip and/or palate: a path analysis based on the family adjustment and adaptation response model. BMC Oral Health, 2025, 25(1): 454.
16.	Mccubbin MA , Mccubbin HI. Families coping with illness: the resiliency model of family stress, adjustment, and adaptation. St Louis: Mosby, 1993.
17.	McCubbin LD, McCubbin HI. Resilience in ethnic family systems: a relational theory for research and practice. New York: Springer, 2013.
18.	Faccio F, Gandini S, Renzi C, et al. Development and validation of the Family Resilience (FaRE) Questionnaire: an observational study in Italy. BMJ Open, 2019, 9(6): e024670.
19.	安葉青, 七十三, 曾小葉, 等. 家庭抗逆力理論在風險應對領域的應用: 演變、價值及挑戰. 心理科學進展, 2023, 31(3): 428-442.
20.	Walsh F. Family resilience: a framework for clinical practice. Fam Process, 2003, 42(1): 1-18.
21.	Zhang Y, Huang C, Yang M. Family resilience progress from the perspective of parents of adolescents with depression: an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2023, 20(3): 2564.
22.	Henry CS, Sheffield Morris A, Harrist AW. Family resilience: moving into the third wave. Fam Relat, 2015, 64(1): 22-43.
23.	談天, 吳倩, 戴橋英, 等. 先天性巨結腸患兒家庭抗逆力現狀及影響因素分析. 臨床護理雜志, 2022, 21(1): 29-32.
24.	蔡芬, 李利, 杜娟, 等. 中青年腦卒中病人家庭抗逆力現狀及其影響因素. 護理研究, 2021, 35(3): 538-541.
25.	Fitryasari R, Yusuf A, Nursalam, et al. Family members’ perspective of family resilience’s risk factors in taking care of schizophrenia patients. Int J Nurs Sci, 2018, 5(3): 255-261.
26.	楊孟麗, 張爽, 葉松巖, 等. 癡呆患者家庭抗逆力現狀及影響因素分析. 中國實用神經疾病雜志, 2023, 26(8): 1026-1031.
27.	歐陽雅琦, 謝鑑輝, 梅海波, 等. 364 例先天性脛骨假關節患兒照顧者家庭抗逆力現狀及影響因素分析. 護理學報, 2021, 28(5): 1-5.
28.	劉丹, 毛渤淳, 雒如燕, 等. 唇腭裂患者家庭抗逆力及其影響因素. 國際口腔醫學雜志, 2019, 46(3): 297-301.
29.	Peng Y, Wang J, Sun G, et al. Family hardiness in patients with heart failure: exploring protective factors and identifying the mediator. Psychol Res Behav Manag, 2021, 14: 355-364.
30.	李云龍, 劉梅娟, 王一凡, 等. 系統性紅斑狼瘡患者家庭抗逆力現狀、影響因素及其對策. 現代臨床護理, 2023, 22(8): 12-18.
31.	Karabulutlu EY, Turan GB, Yanm?? S. Evaluation of care burden and preparedness of caregivers who provide care to palliative care patients. Palliat Support Care, 2022, 20(1): 30-37.
32.	周振峰, 姜文彬, 劉美艷, 等. 腦卒中患者中青年照顧者家庭抗逆力現狀及影響因素分析. 護理與康復, 2023, 22(10): 15-20.
33.	Dionne-Odom JN, Azuero A, Taylor RA, et al. Resilience, preparedness, and distress among family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. Support Care Cancer, 2021, 29(11): 6913-6920.
34.	李葵南, 劉婷, 王欣, 等. 慢性腎臟病患兒家庭抗逆力現況及影響因素調查. 護理學雜志, 2021, 36(17): 29-32.
35.	葉明明. 首發腦卒中家庭抗逆力變化軌跡的研究. 上海: 中國人民解放軍海軍軍醫大學, 2021.
36.	Cui P, Shi J, Li S, et al. Family resilience and its influencing factors among advanced cancer patients and their family caregivers: a multilevel modeling analysis. BMC Cancer, 2023, 23(1): 623.
37.	Dong C, Wu Q, Pan Y, et al. Family resilience and its association with psychosocial adjustment of children with chronic illness: a latent profile analysis. J Pediatr Nurs, 2021, 60: e6-e12.
38.	Xie JH, Mei HB, Ouyang YQ, et al. Analysis of influencing factors of family resilience in children with congenital tibial pseudoarthrosis. Risk Manag Healthc Policy, 2022, 15: 331-337.
39.	曾瑩, 歐建君, 楊佳欣, 等. 孤獨癥譜系障礙兒童家庭復原力現狀及影響因素分析. 中國臨床心理學雜志, 2019, 27(6): 1271-1274.
40.	Zhang Y, Ding Y, Liu C, et al. Relationships among perceived social support, family resilience, and caregiver burden in lung cancer families: a mediating model. Semin Oncol Nurs, 2023, 39(3): 151356.
41.	葉明明, 周蘭姝, 張薇. 患者家庭抗逆力影響因素的研究進展. 中國護理管理, 2021, 21(9): 1423-1427.
42.	Tao L, Hu X, Chen H, et al. Factors influencing the burden on spousal caregivers of breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer, 2022, 30(9): 7789-7799.
43.	Li Y, Hu L, Mao X, et al. Health literacy, social support, and care ability for caregivers of dementia patients: structural equation modeling. Geriatr Nurs, 2020, 41(5): 600-607.
44.	Ren L, Wang Y, Jiang H, et al. Development of a theory-based family resilience intervention program for parents of children with chronic diseases: a Delphi study. J Pediatr Nurs, 2024, 74: 41-50.
45.	周振峰, 劉美艷, 姜文彬, 等. 首發腦卒中患者照顧者家庭抗逆力干預方案的構建及應用. 護理學雜志, 2023, 38(24): 5-10.
46.	胡劼崢, 劉晨歡, 文曉燕. 基于 McCubbin 家庭抗逆力模型的積極家庭心理干預在膀胱癌患者中的應用. 醫學信息, 2024, 37(20): 62-66, 83.
47.	Hamall KM, Heard TR, Inder KJ, et al. The Child Illness and Resilience Program (CHiRP): a study protocol of a stepped care intervention to improve the resilience and wellbeing of families living with childhood chronic illness. BMC Psychol, 2014, 2(1): 5.
48.	姚璐璐, 李剛飛, 謝永紅, 等. 微信 AI+IMB 智慧方案對先天性脛骨假關節患兒家庭抗逆力的效果觀察. 全科護理, 2024, 22(14): 2645-2648.
49.	李潔, 許靜, 胡素云, 等. 團體輔導聯合健康宣教對白血病患兒家庭復原力的影響. 當代護士(上旬刊), 2021, 28(9): 144-146.
50.	Han J, Guo G, Hong L. Impact of professionally facilitated peer support for family carers of people with dementia in a WeChat virtual community. J Telemed Telecare, 2022, 28(1): 68-76.
51.	李珺毅, 趙彬. 社會工作介入白血病患兒家庭抗逆力提升的路徑研究. 產業與科技論壇, 2025, 24(2): 210-213.
52.	Morales-Rodríguez FM, Martínez-Ramón JP, Méndez I, et al. Stress, coping, and resilience before and after COVID-19: a predictive model based on artificial intelligence in the university environment. Front Psychol, 2021, 12: 647964.

1. Walsh F. Family resilience: a developmental systems framework. Eur J Dev Psychol, 2016, 13(3): 313-324.
2. 褚曉妍. 中重度老年癡呆癥患者家庭抗逆力現況及影響因素的研究. 北京: 中國醫學科學院, 2022.
3. Hriber?ek M, Eibensteiner F, Bukowski N, et al. Research areas and trends in family-centered care in the 21st century: a bibliometric review. Front Med (Lausanne), 2024, 11: 1401577.
4. Alqarawi N, Alhalal E. Factors affecting family-centered care practice by nurses: a systematic review. J Pediatr Nurs, 2024, 78: 158-171.
5. McCubbin HI, McCubbin MA. Typologies of resilient families: emerging roles of social class and ethnicity. Fam Relat, 1988, 37: 247-254.
6. Patterson JM. Promoting resilience in families experiencing stress. Pediatr Clin North Am, 1995, 42(1): 47-63.
7. Walsh F. The concept of family resilience: crisis and challenge. Fam Process, 1996, 35(3): 261-281.
8. 姚進忠, 邱思宇. 家庭抗逆力: 理論分辨、實踐演變與現實鏡鑒. 人文雜志, 2018(11): 116-128.
9. Abulaiti B, Zhang X, Guan T, et al. The dyadic care experiences of elderly individuals with disabilities and caregivers in the home setting from the perspective of family resilience: a qualitative study. Front Psychiatry, 2022, 13: 963101.
10. Hill R. Families under stress. New York: Harper & Row, 1949.
11. Flynn A, Whittaker K, Donne AJ, et al. Feeling stretched: parents’ narratives about challenges to resilience when their child has a tracheostomy. J Child Health Care, 2024, 28(4): 815-828.
12. McCubbin HI, Patterson JM. The family stress process. Marriage Fam Rev, 1983, 6(1/2): 7-37.
13. 李崇新, 汪菊芬. 西方家庭抗逆力理論: 內涵、模型與實務應用. 人口與社會, 2018, 34(2): 88-100.
14. Patterson JM. Families experiencing stress: I. The family adjustment and adaptation response model, II. Applyingl the FAAR model to health related issues for intervention and research. Fam Syst Med, 1988(6): 202-237.
15. Yuan L, Du Y, Gao Y, et al. The role of parenting stress and perceived social support in affecting family function among families of patients with cleft lip and/or palate: a path analysis based on the family adjustment and adaptation response model. BMC Oral Health, 2025, 25(1): 454.
16. Mccubbin MA , Mccubbin HI. Families coping with illness: the resiliency model of family stress, adjustment, and adaptation. St Louis: Mosby, 1993.
17. McCubbin LD, McCubbin HI. Resilience in ethnic family systems: a relational theory for research and practice. New York: Springer, 2013.
18. Faccio F, Gandini S, Renzi C, et al. Development and validation of the Family Resilience (FaRE) Questionnaire: an observational study in Italy. BMJ Open, 2019, 9(6): e024670.
19. 安葉青, 七十三, 曾小葉, 等. 家庭抗逆力理論在風險應對領域的應用: 演變、價值及挑戰. 心理科學進展, 2023, 31(3): 428-442.
20. Walsh F. Family resilience: a framework for clinical practice. Fam Process, 2003, 42(1): 1-18.
21. Zhang Y, Huang C, Yang M. Family resilience progress from the perspective of parents of adolescents with depression: an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2023, 20(3): 2564.
22. Henry CS, Sheffield Morris A, Harrist AW. Family resilience: moving into the third wave. Fam Relat, 2015, 64(1): 22-43.
23. 談天, 吳倩, 戴橋英, 等. 先天性巨結腸患兒家庭抗逆力現狀及影響因素分析. 臨床護理雜志, 2022, 21(1): 29-32.
24. 蔡芬, 李利, 杜娟, 等. 中青年腦卒中病人家庭抗逆力現狀及其影響因素. 護理研究, 2021, 35(3): 538-541.
25. Fitryasari R, Yusuf A, Nursalam, et al. Family members’ perspective of family resilience’s risk factors in taking care of schizophrenia patients. Int J Nurs Sci, 2018, 5(3): 255-261.
26. 楊孟麗, 張爽, 葉松巖, 等. 癡呆患者家庭抗逆力現狀及影響因素分析. 中國實用神經疾病雜志, 2023, 26(8): 1026-1031.
27. 歐陽雅琦, 謝鑑輝, 梅海波, 等. 364 例先天性脛骨假關節患兒照顧者家庭抗逆力現狀及影響因素分析. 護理學報, 2021, 28(5): 1-5.
28. 劉丹, 毛渤淳, 雒如燕, 等. 唇腭裂患者家庭抗逆力及其影響因素. 國際口腔醫學雜志, 2019, 46(3): 297-301.
29. Peng Y, Wang J, Sun G, et al. Family hardiness in patients with heart failure: exploring protective factors and identifying the mediator. Psychol Res Behav Manag, 2021, 14: 355-364.
30. 李云龍, 劉梅娟, 王一凡, 等. 系統性紅斑狼瘡患者家庭抗逆力現狀、影響因素及其對策. 現代臨床護理, 2023, 22(8): 12-18.
31. Karabulutlu EY, Turan GB, Yanm?? S. Evaluation of care burden and preparedness of caregivers who provide care to palliative care patients. Palliat Support Care, 2022, 20(1): 30-37.
32. 周振峰, 姜文彬, 劉美艷, 等. 腦卒中患者中青年照顧者家庭抗逆力現狀及影響因素分析. 護理與康復, 2023, 22(10): 15-20.
33. Dionne-Odom JN, Azuero A, Taylor RA, et al. Resilience, preparedness, and distress among family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer. Support Care Cancer, 2021, 29(11): 6913-6920.
34. 李葵南, 劉婷, 王欣, 等. 慢性腎臟病患兒家庭抗逆力現況及影響因素調查. 護理學雜志, 2021, 36(17): 29-32.
35. 葉明明. 首發腦卒中家庭抗逆力變化軌跡的研究. 上海: 中國人民解放軍海軍軍醫大學, 2021.
36. Cui P, Shi J, Li S, et al. Family resilience and its influencing factors among advanced cancer patients and their family caregivers: a multilevel modeling analysis. BMC Cancer, 2023, 23(1): 623.
37. Dong C, Wu Q, Pan Y, et al. Family resilience and its association with psychosocial adjustment of children with chronic illness: a latent profile analysis. J Pediatr Nurs, 2021, 60: e6-e12.
38. Xie JH, Mei HB, Ouyang YQ, et al. Analysis of influencing factors of family resilience in children with congenital tibial pseudoarthrosis. Risk Manag Healthc Policy, 2022, 15: 331-337.
39. 曾瑩, 歐建君, 楊佳欣, 等. 孤獨癥譜系障礙兒童家庭復原力現狀及影響因素分析. 中國臨床心理學雜志, 2019, 27(6): 1271-1274.
40. Zhang Y, Ding Y, Liu C, et al. Relationships among perceived social support, family resilience, and caregiver burden in lung cancer families: a mediating model. Semin Oncol Nurs, 2023, 39(3): 151356.
41. 葉明明, 周蘭姝, 張薇. 患者家庭抗逆力影響因素的研究進展. 中國護理管理, 2021, 21(9): 1423-1427.
42. Tao L, Hu X, Chen H, et al. Factors influencing the burden on spousal caregivers of breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer, 2022, 30(9): 7789-7799.
43. Li Y, Hu L, Mao X, et al. Health literacy, social support, and care ability for caregivers of dementia patients: structural equation modeling. Geriatr Nurs, 2020, 41(5): 600-607.
44. Ren L, Wang Y, Jiang H, et al. Development of a theory-based family resilience intervention program for parents of children with chronic diseases: a Delphi study. J Pediatr Nurs, 2024, 74: 41-50.
45. 周振峰, 劉美艷, 姜文彬, 等. 首發腦卒中患者照顧者家庭抗逆力干預方案的構建及應用. 護理學雜志, 2023, 38(24): 5-10.
46. 胡劼崢, 劉晨歡, 文曉燕. 基于 McCubbin 家庭抗逆力模型的積極家庭心理干預在膀胱癌患者中的應用. 醫學信息, 2024, 37(20): 62-66, 83.
47. Hamall KM, Heard TR, Inder KJ, et al. The Child Illness and Resilience Program (CHiRP): a study protocol of a stepped care intervention to improve the resilience and wellbeing of families living with childhood chronic illness. BMC Psychol, 2014, 2(1): 5.
48. 姚璐璐, 李剛飛, 謝永紅, 等. 微信 AI+IMB 智慧方案對先天性脛骨假關節患兒家庭抗逆力的效果觀察. 全科護理, 2024, 22(14): 2645-2648.
49. 李潔, 許靜, 胡素云, 等. 團體輔導聯合健康宣教對白血病患兒家庭復原力的影響. 當代護士(上旬刊), 2021, 28(9): 144-146.
50. Han J, Guo G, Hong L. Impact of professionally facilitated peer support for family carers of people with dementia in a WeChat virtual community. J Telemed Telecare, 2022, 28(1): 68-76.
51. 李珺毅, 趙彬. 社會工作介入白血病患兒家庭抗逆力提升的路徑研究. 產業與科技論壇, 2025, 24(2): 210-213.
52. Morales-Rodríguez FM, Martínez-Ramón JP, Méndez I, et al. Stress, coping, and resilience before and after COVID-19: a predictive model based on artificial intelligence in the university environment. Front Psychol, 2021, 12: 647964.

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