Progress in the application of sensory integration training in children with developmental delay_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

WANG Yahui ¹ ,  WANG Yan ¹ , Lü Lijie ¹ , Li Tianyi ¹ , QIN Huan ¹ , WANG Shujin ¹ , WANG Yan ² , PEI Fei ²

1. Graduate School, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P. R. China;
2. Department of Rehabilitation, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

WANG Yan, Email: swallow-1113@163.com

Keywords：

Sensory integration training; developmental delay; dysfunction; rehabilitation

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202311084

Video：

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The prevalence of developmental delay (DD) in children worldwide is still on the rise, and its causes are complex and diverse, causing varying degrees of impact on the development of the sensory nervous system in the brain of children. Sensory integration training is a treatment method that applies sensory stimulation and comprehensive activities. It is currently widely used in children with DD. This therapy can effectively improve the development and integration of the sensory system in children with DD. It also enhances the individual’s ability to adapt to external stimuli, promoting their development in language, motor, and cognitive functions. This article explores the relevant mechanisms of sensory integration training and DD, as well as the current status and effects of its application in DD children, in order to promote the development and progress of related research fields.

Citation： WANG Yahui, WANG Yan, Lü Lijie, Li Tianyi, QIN Huan, WANG Shujin, WANG Yan, PEI Fei. Progress in the application of sensory integration training in children with developmental delay. West China Medical Journal, 2024, 39(4): 660-664. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202311084 Copy

1.	Choo YY, Agarwal P, How CH, et al. Developmental delay: identification and management at primary care level. Singapore Med J, 2019, 60(3): 119-123.
2.	AlMutiri R, Malta M, Shevell MI, et al. Evaluation of individuals with non-syndromic global developmental delay and intellectual disability. Children (Basel), 2023, 10(3): 414.
3.	Pop-Jordanova N. Identification and management of child development-practice parameters. Arch Public Health, 2022, 14(1): 1.
4.	項棟良, 王艷, 趙明月, 等. 中醫五音療法結合感覺統合訓練在全面性發育遲緩兒童中的臨床研究. 中華中醫藥雜志, 2023, 38(8): 3940-3943.
5.	Andelin L, Reynolds S, Schoen S. Effectiveness of occupational therapy using a sensory integration approach: a multiple-baseline design study. Am J Occup Ther, 2021, 75(6): 7506205030.
6.	牛玉芝, 張文海, 丁強. 兒童感覺統合治療的研究進展. 中國康復理論與實踐, 2019, 25(9): 1032-1037.
7.	Ayres AJ. Sensory integration and learning disorder. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services, 1972: 204-218.
8.	Guardado KE, Sergent SR. Sensory Integration. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls, 2021.
9.	Homayounnia Firouzjah M, Majidi Yaeichi N, Hematinia R. The effectiveness of sensory-motor integration exercises on social skills and motor performance in children with autism. J Autism Dev Disord, 2024: 1-8.
10.	Passarello N, Tarantino V, Chirico A, et al. Sensory processing disorders in children and adolescents: taking stock of assessment and novel therapeutic tools. Brain Sci, 2022, 12(11): 1478.
11.	Donkers FC, Carlson M, Schipul SE, et al. Auditory event-related potentials and associations with sensory patterns in children with autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, and typical development. Autism, 2020, 24(5): 1093-1110.
12.	Foxe JJ, Del Bene VA, Ross LA, et al. Multisensory audiovisual processing in children with a sensory processing disorder (II): speech integration under noisy environmental conditions. Front Integr Neurosci, 2020, 14: 39.
13.	Symons FJ, Burkitt CC, Wilcox G, et al. Modifying quantitative sensory testing to investigate behavioral reactivity in a pediatric global developmental delay sample: relation to peripheral innervation and chronic pain outcomes. Dev Psychobiol, 2022, 64(8): e22329.
14.	Camarata S, Miller LJ, Wallace MT. Evaluating sensory integration/sensory processing treatment: issues and analysis. Front Integr Neurosci, 2020, 14: 556660.
15.	Mulligan S, Douglas S, Armstrong C. Characteristics of idiopathic sensory processing disorder in young children. Front Integr Neurosci, 2021, 15: 647928.
16.	Siegel M, McGuire K, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, et al. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2020, 59(4): 468-496.
17.	Yang XY, Zhang BB, Zhao L, et al. Effect of multi-sensory stimulation on children with global developmental delay. Asian J Surg, 2021, 44(10): 1308-1309.
18.	Balikci A, May-Benson TA, Aracikul Balikci AF, et al. Evaluation of ayres sensory integration^? intervention on sensory processing and motor function in a child with rubinstein-taybi syndrome: a case report. Clin Med Insights Case Rep, 2023, 16: 11795476221148866.
19.	Dall’Orso S, Fifer WP, Balsam PD, et al. Cortical processing of multimodal sensory learning in human neonates. Cereb Cortex, 2021, 31(3): 1827-1836.
20.	Bopp R, Holler-Rickauer S, Martin KA, et al. An ultrastructural study of the thalamic input to layer 4 of primary motor and primary somatosensory cortex in the mouse. J Neurosci, 2017, 37(9): 2435-2448.
21.	Dekker T, Lisi M. Sensory development: integration before calibration. Curr Biol, 2020, 30(9): R409-R412.
22.	李倩云, 張澤棟, 孫惠苗. 6~18個月全面性發育遲緩嬰幼兒的腦皮層發育狀況研究. 中西醫結合心腦血管病雜志, 2022, 20(23): 4379-4383.
23.	Lane SJ, Mailloux Z, Schoen S, et al. Neural foundations of ayres sensory integration^?. Brain Sci, 2019, 9(7): 153.
24.	Rezaul Karim AKM, Proulx MJ, de Sousa AA, et al. Neuroplasticity and crossmodal connectivity in the normal, healthy brain. Psychol Neurosci, 2021, 14(3): 298-334.
25.	Smith MC. Sensory integration: theory and practice. Philadelphia: FA Davis, 2019.
26.	Kumar A, Zubair M, Gulraiz A, et al. An assessment of risk factors of delayed speech and language in children: a cross-sectional study. Cureus, 2022, 14(9): e29623.
27.	Lipkin PH, Macias MM, Council on Children with Disabilities, et al. Promoting optimal development: identifying infants and young children with developmental disorders through developmental surveillance and screening. Pediatrics, 2020, 145(1): e20193449.
28.	Ohashi H, Ostry DJ. Neural development of speech sensorimotor learning. J Neurosci, 2021, 41(18): 4023-4035.
29.	O’Sullivan AE, Crosse MJ, Liberto GMD, et al. Neurophysiological indices of audiovisual speech processing reveal a hierarchy of multisensory integration effects. J Neurosci, 2021, 41(23): 4991-5003.
30.	Namasivayam AK, Yan T, Bali R, et al. Cross-modal somatosensory repetition priming and speech processing. J Integr Neurosci, 2022, 21(5): 146.
31.	Mason GM, Goldstein MH, Schwade JA. The role of multisensory development in early language learning. J Exp Child Psychol, 2019, 183: 48-64.
32.	李珍珍, 黎小琨. 感覺統合訓練對語言發育遲緩患兒康復效果的臨床觀察. 深圳中西醫結合雜志, 2021, 31(10): 42-43.
33.	趙越. 感覺統合治療對言語和語言發育障礙患兒的應用價值. 實用中西醫結合臨床, 2023, 23(3): 79-81, 85.
34.	Brooks JX, Cullen KE. Predictive sensing: the role of motor signals in sensory processing. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging, 2019, 4(9): 842-850.
35.	Anctil N, Malenfant Z, Cyr JP, et al. Less vibrotactile feedback is effective to improve human balance control during sensory cues alteration. Sensors (Basel), 2022, 22(17): 6432.
36.	Mahaseth PK, Choudhary A. Sensory integration therapy verses conventional physical therapy among children with cerebral palsy on gross motor function-a comparative randomized controlled trial. Ann Rom Soc Cell Biol, 2021: 17315-17334.
37.	Tahir N, Ahmed SI, Ishaque F, et al. Effectiveness of sensory integration therapy (vestibular & proprioception input) on gross motor functioning in developmental delayed and spastic diplegic CP children. Int J Res Innov Soc Sci, 2019, 3(6): 2454-6186.
38.	李旭利. 感覺統合訓練治療精神運動發育遲緩患兒的效果. 中外醫學研究, 2021, 19(35): 1-4.
39.	Jessen S, Obleser J, Tune S. Neural tracking in infants - an analytical tool for multisensory social processing in development. Dev Cogn Neurosci, 2021, 52: 101034.
40.	Hebert JR, Filley CM. Multisensory integration and white matter pathology: contributions to cognitive dysfunction. Front Neurol, 2022, 13: 1051538.
41.	Jorquera-Cabrera S, Romero-Ayuso D, Rodriguez-Gil G, et al. Assessment of sensory processing characteristics in children between 3 and 11 years old: a systematic review. Front Pediatr, 2017, 5: 57.
42.	金璐璐, 吳麗, 任麥青. 感覺統合訓練治療小兒精神發育遲滯的效果. 臨床醫學, 2020, 40(8): 64-66.
43.	Lecuona E, Van Jaarsveld A, Raubenheimer J, et al. Sensory integration intervention and the development of the premature infant: a controlled trial. S Afr Med J, 2017, 107(11): 976-982.
44.	Yasuda R, Hayashi Y, Hell JW. CaMKII: a central molecular organizer of synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. Nat Rev Neurosci, 2022, 23(11): 666-682.
45.	全莉娟. 感覺統合訓練改善顱腦外傷幼鼠認知障礙的作用及機制研究. 南昌: 南昌大學醫學部, 2023.
46.	Lipkin PH, Macias MM, Baer Chen B, et al. Trends in pediatricians’ developmental screening: 2002-2016. Pediatrics, 2020, 145(4): e20190851.

1. Choo YY, Agarwal P, How CH, et al. Developmental delay: identification and management at primary care level. Singapore Med J, 2019, 60(3): 119-123.
2. AlMutiri R, Malta M, Shevell MI, et al. Evaluation of individuals with non-syndromic global developmental delay and intellectual disability. Children (Basel), 2023, 10(3): 414.
3. Pop-Jordanova N. Identification and management of child development-practice parameters. Arch Public Health, 2022, 14(1): 1.
4. 項棟良, 王艷, 趙明月, 等. 中醫五音療法結合感覺統合訓練在全面性發育遲緩兒童中的臨床研究. 中華中醫藥雜志, 2023, 38(8): 3940-3943.
5. Andelin L, Reynolds S, Schoen S. Effectiveness of occupational therapy using a sensory integration approach: a multiple-baseline design study. Am J Occup Ther, 2021, 75(6): 7506205030.
6. 牛玉芝, 張文海, 丁強. 兒童感覺統合治療的研究進展. 中國康復理論與實踐, 2019, 25(9): 1032-1037.
7. Ayres AJ. Sensory integration and learning disorder. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services, 1972: 204-218.
8. Guardado KE, Sergent SR. Sensory Integration. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls, 2021.
9. Homayounnia Firouzjah M, Majidi Yaeichi N, Hematinia R. The effectiveness of sensory-motor integration exercises on social skills and motor performance in children with autism. J Autism Dev Disord, 2024: 1-8.
10. Passarello N, Tarantino V, Chirico A, et al. Sensory processing disorders in children and adolescents: taking stock of assessment and novel therapeutic tools. Brain Sci, 2022, 12(11): 1478.
11. Donkers FC, Carlson M, Schipul SE, et al. Auditory event-related potentials and associations with sensory patterns in children with autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay, and typical development. Autism, 2020, 24(5): 1093-1110.
12. Foxe JJ, Del Bene VA, Ross LA, et al. Multisensory audiovisual processing in children with a sensory processing disorder (II): speech integration under noisy environmental conditions. Front Integr Neurosci, 2020, 14: 39.
13. Symons FJ, Burkitt CC, Wilcox G, et al. Modifying quantitative sensory testing to investigate behavioral reactivity in a pediatric global developmental delay sample: relation to peripheral innervation and chronic pain outcomes. Dev Psychobiol, 2022, 64(8): e22329.
14. Camarata S, Miller LJ, Wallace MT. Evaluating sensory integration/sensory processing treatment: issues and analysis. Front Integr Neurosci, 2020, 14: 556660.
15. Mulligan S, Douglas S, Armstrong C. Characteristics of idiopathic sensory processing disorder in young children. Front Integr Neurosci, 2021, 15: 647928.
16. Siegel M, McGuire K, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, et al. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2020, 59(4): 468-496.
17. Yang XY, Zhang BB, Zhao L, et al. Effect of multi-sensory stimulation on children with global developmental delay. Asian J Surg, 2021, 44(10): 1308-1309.
18. Balikci A, May-Benson TA, Aracikul Balikci AF, et al. Evaluation of ayres sensory integration^? intervention on sensory processing and motor function in a child with rubinstein-taybi syndrome: a case report. Clin Med Insights Case Rep, 2023, 16: 11795476221148866.
19. Dall’Orso S, Fifer WP, Balsam PD, et al. Cortical processing of multimodal sensory learning in human neonates. Cereb Cortex, 2021, 31(3): 1827-1836.
20. Bopp R, Holler-Rickauer S, Martin KA, et al. An ultrastructural study of the thalamic input to layer 4 of primary motor and primary somatosensory cortex in the mouse. J Neurosci, 2017, 37(9): 2435-2448.
21. Dekker T, Lisi M. Sensory development: integration before calibration. Curr Biol, 2020, 30(9): R409-R412.
22. 李倩云, 張澤棟, 孫惠苗. 6~18個月全面性發育遲緩嬰幼兒的腦皮層發育狀況研究. 中西醫結合心腦血管病雜志, 2022, 20(23): 4379-4383.
23. Lane SJ, Mailloux Z, Schoen S, et al. Neural foundations of ayres sensory integration^?. Brain Sci, 2019, 9(7): 153.
24. Rezaul Karim AKM, Proulx MJ, de Sousa AA, et al. Neuroplasticity and crossmodal connectivity in the normal, healthy brain. Psychol Neurosci, 2021, 14(3): 298-334.
25. Smith MC. Sensory integration: theory and practice. Philadelphia: FA Davis, 2019.
26. Kumar A, Zubair M, Gulraiz A, et al. An assessment of risk factors of delayed speech and language in children: a cross-sectional study. Cureus, 2022, 14(9): e29623.
27. Lipkin PH, Macias MM, Council on Children with Disabilities, et al. Promoting optimal development: identifying infants and young children with developmental disorders through developmental surveillance and screening. Pediatrics, 2020, 145(1): e20193449.
28. Ohashi H, Ostry DJ. Neural development of speech sensorimotor learning. J Neurosci, 2021, 41(18): 4023-4035.
29. O’Sullivan AE, Crosse MJ, Liberto GMD, et al. Neurophysiological indices of audiovisual speech processing reveal a hierarchy of multisensory integration effects. J Neurosci, 2021, 41(23): 4991-5003.
30. Namasivayam AK, Yan T, Bali R, et al. Cross-modal somatosensory repetition priming and speech processing. J Integr Neurosci, 2022, 21(5): 146.
31. Mason GM, Goldstein MH, Schwade JA. The role of multisensory development in early language learning. J Exp Child Psychol, 2019, 183: 48-64.
32. 李珍珍, 黎小琨. 感覺統合訓練對語言發育遲緩患兒康復效果的臨床觀察. 深圳中西醫結合雜志, 2021, 31(10): 42-43.
33. 趙越. 感覺統合治療對言語和語言發育障礙患兒的應用價值. 實用中西醫結合臨床, 2023, 23(3): 79-81, 85.
34. Brooks JX, Cullen KE. Predictive sensing: the role of motor signals in sensory processing. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging, 2019, 4(9): 842-850.
35. Anctil N, Malenfant Z, Cyr JP, et al. Less vibrotactile feedback is effective to improve human balance control during sensory cues alteration. Sensors (Basel), 2022, 22(17): 6432.
36. Mahaseth PK, Choudhary A. Sensory integration therapy verses conventional physical therapy among children with cerebral palsy on gross motor function-a comparative randomized controlled trial. Ann Rom Soc Cell Biol, 2021: 17315-17334.
37. Tahir N, Ahmed SI, Ishaque F, et al. Effectiveness of sensory integration therapy (vestibular & proprioception input) on gross motor functioning in developmental delayed and spastic diplegic CP children. Int J Res Innov Soc Sci, 2019, 3(6): 2454-6186.
38. 李旭利. 感覺統合訓練治療精神運動發育遲緩患兒的效果. 中外醫學研究, 2021, 19(35): 1-4.
39. Jessen S, Obleser J, Tune S. Neural tracking in infants - an analytical tool for multisensory social processing in development. Dev Cogn Neurosci, 2021, 52: 101034.
40. Hebert JR, Filley CM. Multisensory integration and white matter pathology: contributions to cognitive dysfunction. Front Neurol, 2022, 13: 1051538.
41. Jorquera-Cabrera S, Romero-Ayuso D, Rodriguez-Gil G, et al. Assessment of sensory processing characteristics in children between 3 and 11 years old: a systematic review. Front Pediatr, 2017, 5: 57.
42. 金璐璐, 吳麗, 任麥青. 感覺統合訓練治療小兒精神發育遲滯的效果. 臨床醫學, 2020, 40(8): 64-66.
43. Lecuona E, Van Jaarsveld A, Raubenheimer J, et al. Sensory integration intervention and the development of the premature infant: a controlled trial. S Afr Med J, 2017, 107(11): 976-982.
44. Yasuda R, Hayashi Y, Hell JW. CaMKII: a central molecular organizer of synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. Nat Rev Neurosci, 2022, 23(11): 666-682.
45. 全莉娟. 感覺統合訓練改善顱腦外傷幼鼠認知障礙的作用及機制研究. 南昌: 南昌大學醫學部, 2023.
46. Lipkin PH, Macias MM, Baer Chen B, et al. Trends in pediatricians’ developmental screening: 2002-2016. Pediatrics, 2020, 145(4): e20190851.

West China Medical Journal

Progress in the application of sensory integration training in children with developmental delay

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