Progress of anti-infection therapy in adult patients with sepsis_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

SHEN Yihong , YANG Zhuo ,  LIU Shiping

Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

LIU Shiping, Email: 1994267167@qq.com

Keywords：

Sepsis; Anti-infection; Adult; Progress

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202109080

Video：

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Sepsis is not only a common critical disease , but also a common complication and cause of death of patients in intensive care unit. It has the characteristics of dangerous condition, rapid development and high mortality. How to treat sepsis to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients is very important. Timely and reasonable anti-infection is a vatal part in the treatment of sepsis. This article will review the progress of anti-infective therapy in adult patients with sepsis, starting from empirical anti-infection, procalcitonin-guided anti-infection, bacterial culture combined drug sensitivity test-guided anti-infection and anti-infection with antimicrobial peptides, aiming to provide a certain basis and reference for the anti-infective treatment of adult sepsis.

Citation： SHEN Yihong, YANG Zhuo, LIU Shiping. Progress of anti-infection therapy in adult patients with sepsis. West China Medical Journal, 2021, 36(11): 1598-1602. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202109080 Copy

1.	Zhou J, Tian H, Du X, et al. Population-based epidemiology of sepsis in a subdistrict of Beijing. Crit Care Med, 2017, 45(7): 1168-1176.
2.	姚詠明, 張艷敏. 膿毒癥發病機制最新認識. 醫學研究生學報, 2017, 30(7): 678-683.
3.	Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Crit Care Med, 2021, 49(11): e1063-e1143.
4.	賈明雅, 唐曉磊, 鄭喜勝, 等. 老年膿毒癥患者病原微生物感染種類與血清 PCT、PA、FIB 水平變化的相關性. 中國老年學雜志, 2021, 41(4): 803-806.
5.	李艷秀, 左祥榮, 曹權. PCT 聯合 APACHE Ⅱ評分對 ICU 肺部感染合并膿毒癥的評估. 南京醫科大學學報(自然科學版), 2018, 38(12): 1725-1728.
6.	錢桂亮, 史巍. 社區獲得性肺炎患者病原菌分析及其耐藥性研究. 現代診斷與治療, 2021, 32(11): 1745-1746.
7.	申貴, 肖貞良. 嚴重膿毒癥的經驗性抗感染治療. 中國全科醫學, 2015(11): 1297-1299,1300.
8.	黃金健, 任建安. 腹腔感染中的相關病原菌及其特點. 東南大學學報(醫學版), 2018, 37(2): 350-354.
9.	羅醒政, 曾振華, 李露蘭, 等. ICU 成人腹腔感染臨床分離菌的流行病學特點及耐藥性變化. 中國感染控制雜志, 2021, 20(4): 289-298.
10.	喬莉, 曹洋, 袁宏勛, 等. ICU 中心靜脈導管相關性血流感染的危險因素及病原菌分析. 首都醫科大學學報, 2020, 41(1): 125-130.
11.	吳遠帆, 劉成成, 范坤, 等. 2016-2019 年老年醫學科重癥監護室患者血流感染病原菌的分布與耐藥性分析. 南京醫科大學學報(自然科學版), 2021, 41(4): 586-592.
12.	張略. 2016-2019 年某院 ICU 膿毒癥患者的病原菌分布及耐藥性分析. 中國現代藥物應用, 2021, 15(8): 248-250.
13.	張林, 陳仲祥. 2013-2017 年 ICU 膿毒癥患者臨床特征及病原菌學分析. 國際檢驗醫學雜志, 2019, 40(7): 794-797,802.
14.	曾憲斌. 膿毒癥患者病原菌分布及耐藥性分析. 北方藥學, 2019, 16(11): 177-178.
15.	Longo C, Bartlett G, Macgibbon B, et al. The effect of obesity on antibiotic treatment failure: a historical cohort study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 2013, 22(9): 970-976.
16.	Calbo E, Garau J. Application of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to antimicrobial therapy of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Respiration, 2005, 72(6): 561-571.
17.	Owens RC Jr, Ambrose PG. Antimicrobial stewardship and the role of pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics in the modern antibiotic era. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 2007, 57(Suppl 3): 77S-83S.
18.	Falagas ME, Tansarli GS, Ikawa K, et al. Clinical outcomes with extended or continuous versus short-term intravenous infusion of carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactam: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis, 2013, 56(2): 272-282.
19.	Aliberti S, Di Pasquale M, Zanaboni AM, et al. Stratifying risk factors for multidrug-resistant pathogens in hospitalized patients coming from the community with pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis, 2012, 54(4): 470-478.
20.	Karon BS, Tolan NV, Wockenfus AM, et al. Evaluation of lactate, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, procalcitonin and immature granulocyte count as biomarkers for sepsis in emergency department patients. Clin Biochem, 2017, 50(16/17): 956-958.
21.	Kostic I, Gurrieri C, Piva E, et al. Comparison of presepsin, procalcitonin, interleukin-8 and C-reactive protein in predicting bacteraemia in febrile neutropenic adult patients with haematological malignancies. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis, 2019, 11(1): e2019047.
22.	Venugopalan DP, Pillai G, Krishnan S. Diagnostic value and prognostic use of presepsin versus procalcitonin in sepsis. Cureus, 2019, 11(7): e5151.
23.	Voermans AM, Mewes JC, Broyles MR, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of a procalcitonin-guided decision algorithm for antibiotic stewardship using real-world U. S. hospital data. OMICS, 2019, 23(10): 508-515.
24.	Yu H, Qi Z, Hang C, et al. Evaluating the value of dynamic procalcitonin and presepsin measurements for patients with severe sepsis. Am J Emerg Med, 2017, 35(6): 835-841.
25.	Schuetz P, Albrich W, Mueller B. Procalcitonin for diagnosis of infection and guide to antibiotic decisions: past, present and future. BMC Med, 2011, 9: 107.
26.	Schuetz P, Birkhahn R, Sherwin R, et al. Serial procalcitonin predicts mortality in severe sepsis patients: results from the multicenter procalcitonin monitoring sepsis (MOSES) study. Crit Care Med, 2017, 45(5): 781-789.
27.	陳慧敏, 王立群, 黃利民, 等. 降鈣素原變化率對創傷后膿毒癥患者抗生素合理使用的指導價值. 東南國防醫藥, 2020, 22(4): 408-410.
28.	趙見云. 探討 ICU 膿毒癥患者血清降鈣素原(PCT)濃度與病原學類型的關系. 世界最新醫學信息文摘(連續型電子期刊), 2020, 20(86): 6-7.
29.	常力川. 細菌培養聯合藥敏試驗對膿毒癥患者合理應用抗生素的影響. 中國醫藥指南, 2020, 18(9): 54.
30.	馮清, 吳龍, 艾宇航, 等. 重癥監護病房膿毒癥患者病原菌的流行病學特征. 中國感染控制雜志, 2018, 17(9): 777-782.
31.	楊秋菊. 細菌培養聯合藥敏試驗對膿毒癥患者抗生素合理使用的影響. 北方藥學, 2018, 15(5): 167-168.
32.	J?rv? M, Phan TK, Lay FT, et al. Human β-defensin 2 kills Candida albicans through phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate-mediated membrane permeabilization. Sci Adv, 2018, 4(7): eaat0979.
33.	Syed H, Tauseef M, Ahmad Z. A connection between antimicrobial properties of venom peptides and microbial ATP synthase. Int J Biol Macromol, 2018, 119: 23-31.
34.	Ramchuran EJ, Somboro AM, Abdel Monaim SAH, et al. In vitro antibacterial activity of teixobactin derivatives on clinically relevant bacterial isolates. Front Microbiol, 2018, 9: 1535.
35.	莊雪明, 王詩波, 虞大為, 等. 膿毒性休克患者抗菌肽 LL-37 與降鈣素原聯合檢測價值. 實用臨床醫藥雜志, 2021, 25(5): 96-100.

1. Zhou J, Tian H, Du X, et al. Population-based epidemiology of sepsis in a subdistrict of Beijing. Crit Care Med, 2017, 45(7): 1168-1176.
2. 姚詠明, 張艷敏. 膿毒癥發病機制最新認識. 醫學研究生學報, 2017, 30(7): 678-683.
3. Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Crit Care Med, 2021, 49(11): e1063-e1143.
4. 賈明雅, 唐曉磊, 鄭喜勝, 等. 老年膿毒癥患者病原微生物感染種類與血清 PCT、PA、FIB 水平變化的相關性. 中國老年學雜志, 2021, 41(4): 803-806.
5. 李艷秀, 左祥榮, 曹權. PCT 聯合 APACHE Ⅱ評分對 ICU 肺部感染合并膿毒癥的評估. 南京醫科大學學報(自然科學版), 2018, 38(12): 1725-1728.
6. 錢桂亮, 史巍. 社區獲得性肺炎患者病原菌分析及其耐藥性研究. 現代診斷與治療, 2021, 32(11): 1745-1746.
7. 申貴, 肖貞良. 嚴重膿毒癥的經驗性抗感染治療. 中國全科醫學, 2015(11): 1297-1299,1300.
8. 黃金健, 任建安. 腹腔感染中的相關病原菌及其特點. 東南大學學報(醫學版), 2018, 37(2): 350-354.
9. 羅醒政, 曾振華, 李露蘭, 等. ICU 成人腹腔感染臨床分離菌的流行病學特點及耐藥性變化. 中國感染控制雜志, 2021, 20(4): 289-298.
10. 喬莉, 曹洋, 袁宏勛, 等. ICU 中心靜脈導管相關性血流感染的危險因素及病原菌分析. 首都醫科大學學報, 2020, 41(1): 125-130.
11. 吳遠帆, 劉成成, 范坤, 等. 2016-2019 年老年醫學科重癥監護室患者血流感染病原菌的分布與耐藥性分析. 南京醫科大學學報(自然科學版), 2021, 41(4): 586-592.
12. 張略. 2016-2019 年某院 ICU 膿毒癥患者的病原菌分布及耐藥性分析. 中國現代藥物應用, 2021, 15(8): 248-250.
13. 張林, 陳仲祥. 2013-2017 年 ICU 膿毒癥患者臨床特征及病原菌學分析. 國際檢驗醫學雜志, 2019, 40(7): 794-797,802.
14. 曾憲斌. 膿毒癥患者病原菌分布及耐藥性分析. 北方藥學, 2019, 16(11): 177-178.
15. Longo C, Bartlett G, Macgibbon B, et al. The effect of obesity on antibiotic treatment failure: a historical cohort study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf, 2013, 22(9): 970-976.
16. Calbo E, Garau J. Application of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics to antimicrobial therapy of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. Respiration, 2005, 72(6): 561-571.
17. Owens RC Jr, Ambrose PG. Antimicrobial stewardship and the role of pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics in the modern antibiotic era. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 2007, 57(Suppl 3): 77S-83S.
18. Falagas ME, Tansarli GS, Ikawa K, et al. Clinical outcomes with extended or continuous versus short-term intravenous infusion of carbapenems and piperacillin/tazobactam: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis, 2013, 56(2): 272-282.
19. Aliberti S, Di Pasquale M, Zanaboni AM, et al. Stratifying risk factors for multidrug-resistant pathogens in hospitalized patients coming from the community with pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis, 2012, 54(4): 470-478.
20. Karon BS, Tolan NV, Wockenfus AM, et al. Evaluation of lactate, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, procalcitonin and immature granulocyte count as biomarkers for sepsis in emergency department patients. Clin Biochem, 2017, 50(16/17): 956-958.
21. Kostic I, Gurrieri C, Piva E, et al. Comparison of presepsin, procalcitonin, interleukin-8 and C-reactive protein in predicting bacteraemia in febrile neutropenic adult patients with haematological malignancies. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis, 2019, 11(1): e2019047.
22. Venugopalan DP, Pillai G, Krishnan S. Diagnostic value and prognostic use of presepsin versus procalcitonin in sepsis. Cureus, 2019, 11(7): e5151.
23. Voermans AM, Mewes JC, Broyles MR, et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of a procalcitonin-guided decision algorithm for antibiotic stewardship using real-world U. S. hospital data. OMICS, 2019, 23(10): 508-515.
24. Yu H, Qi Z, Hang C, et al. Evaluating the value of dynamic procalcitonin and presepsin measurements for patients with severe sepsis. Am J Emerg Med, 2017, 35(6): 835-841.
25. Schuetz P, Albrich W, Mueller B. Procalcitonin for diagnosis of infection and guide to antibiotic decisions: past, present and future. BMC Med, 2011, 9: 107.
26. Schuetz P, Birkhahn R, Sherwin R, et al. Serial procalcitonin predicts mortality in severe sepsis patients: results from the multicenter procalcitonin monitoring sepsis (MOSES) study. Crit Care Med, 2017, 45(5): 781-789.
27. 陳慧敏, 王立群, 黃利民, 等. 降鈣素原變化率對創傷后膿毒癥患者抗生素合理使用的指導價值. 東南國防醫藥, 2020, 22(4): 408-410.
28. 趙見云. 探討 ICU 膿毒癥患者血清降鈣素原(PCT)濃度與病原學類型的關系. 世界最新醫學信息文摘(連續型電子期刊), 2020, 20(86): 6-7.
29. 常力川. 細菌培養聯合藥敏試驗對膿毒癥患者合理應用抗生素的影響. 中國醫藥指南, 2020, 18(9): 54.
30. 馮清, 吳龍, 艾宇航, 等. 重癥監護病房膿毒癥患者病原菌的流行病學特征. 中國感染控制雜志, 2018, 17(9): 777-782.
31. 楊秋菊. 細菌培養聯合藥敏試驗對膿毒癥患者抗生素合理使用的影響. 北方藥學, 2018, 15(5): 167-168.
32. J?rv? M, Phan TK, Lay FT, et al. Human β-defensin 2 kills Candida albicans through phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate-mediated membrane permeabilization. Sci Adv, 2018, 4(7): eaat0979.
33. Syed H, Tauseef M, Ahmad Z. A connection between antimicrobial properties of venom peptides and microbial ATP synthase. Int J Biol Macromol, 2018, 119: 23-31.
34. Ramchuran EJ, Somboro AM, Abdel Monaim SAH, et al. In vitro antibacterial activity of teixobactin derivatives on clinically relevant bacterial isolates. Front Microbiol, 2018, 9: 1535.
35. 莊雪明, 王詩波, 虞大為, 等. 膿毒性休克患者抗菌肽 LL-37 與降鈣素原聯合檢測價值. 實用臨床醫藥雜志, 2021, 25(5): 96-100.

West China Medical Journal

Progress of anti-infection therapy in adult patients with sepsis

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