Numerical study of the effect of geometrical parameters of straight impellers on the flow and hemolysis performance of centrifugal blood pumps_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

HUANG Dongmei ¹ , XIONG Siheng ¹ , XIAO Yuan ¹ , WANG Jinyang ² ,  CUI Guomin ¹

1. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P. R. China;
2. Zhangjiagang Hailu Thermal Energy Equipment Co., Ltd., Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

CUI Guomin, Email: cgm@usst.edu.cn

Keywords：

Centrifugal blood pump; Multiphase flow; Hemolysis prediction; Numerical simulation

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202311015

Video：

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Red blood cells are destroyed when the shear stress in the blood pump exceeds a threshold, which in turn triggers hemolysis in the patient. The impeller design of centrifugal blood pumps significantly influences the hydraulic characteristics and hemolytic properties of these devices. Based on this premise, the present study employs a multiphase flow approach to numerically simulate centrifugal blood pumps, investigating the performance of pumps with varying numbers of blades and blade deflection angles. This analysis encompassed the examination of flow field characteristics, hydraulic performance, and hemolytic potential. Numerical results indicated that the concentration of red blood cells and elevated shear stresses primarily occurred at the impeller and volute tongue, which drastically increased the risk of hemolysis in these areas. It was found that increasing the number of blades within a certain range enhanced the hydraulic performance of the pump but also raised the potential for hemolysis. Moreover, augmenting the blade deflection angle could improve the hemolytic performance, particularly in pumps with a higher number of blades. The findings from this study can provide valuable insights for the structural improvement and performance enhancement of centrifugal blood pumps.

Citation： HUANG Dongmei, XIONG Siheng, XIAO Yuan, WANG Jinyang, CUI Guomin. Numerical study of the effect of geometrical parameters of straight impellers on the flow and hemolysis performance of centrifugal blood pumps. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2024, 41(3): 577-583. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202311015 Copy

1.	Mohammadi R, Karimi M S, Raisee M, et al. Probabilistic CFD analysis on the flow field and performance of the FDA centrifugal blood pump. Appl Math Model, 2022, 109: 555-577.
2.	Moazami N, Fukamachi K, Kobayashi M, et al. Starling Axial and centrifugal continuous-flow rotary pumps: A translation from pump mechanics to clinical practice. J Heart Lung Transplant, 2013, 32(1): 1-11.
3.	劉澤輝, 張松, 屈一飛. 基于計算流體動力學仿真的離心式人工心臟泵葉片參數優化. 工具技術, 2021, 55(10): 51-57.
4.	Wu Peng. Recent advances in the application of computational fluid dynamics in the development of rotary blood pumps. Med Nov Technol Devices, 2022, 16: 100177.
5.	Song Guoliang, Chua L P, Lim T M. Numerical study of a bio-centrifugal blood pump with straight impeller blade profiles. Artif Organs, 2010, 34(2): 98-104.
6.	Takano T, Schulte-Eistrup S, Yoshikawa M, et al. Impeller design for a miniaturized centrifugal blood pump. Artif Organs, 2000, 24(10): 821-825.
7.	Song Guoliang, Chua L P, Lim T M. Numerical study of a centrifugal blood pump with different impeller profiles. ASAIO J, 2010, 56(1): 24-29.
8.	Li Yuan, Yu Jiachen, Wang Hongyu, et al. Investigation of the influence of blade configuration on the hemodynamic performance and blood damage of the centrifugal blood pump. Artif Organs, 2022, 46(9): 1817-1832.
9.	龔曉東, 楊樹進, 劉祚時. 基于fluent離心式血泵內流場仿真與結構優化. 中國醫學物理學雜志, 2022, 39(7): 913-918.
10.	汪毅淵, 周麗杰, 吳瑤, 等. 磁懸浮血泵流場分析與結構優化. 現代制造技術與裝備, 2021, 57(1): 47-51.
11.	Wiegmann L, Bo?s S, de Zélicourt D, et al. Blood pump design variations and their influence on hydraulic performance and indicators of hemocompatibility. Ann Biomed Eng, 2018, 46: 417-428.
12.	Chua L P, Yu S C M, Leo H L, et al. Comparison of flow characteristics of enlarged blood pump models with different impeller design. Int Commun Heat Mass, 1999, 26(3): 369-378.
13.	Yu Zheqin, Tan Jianping, Wang Shuai. Enhanced discrete phase model for multiphase flow simulation of blood flow with high shear stress. Sci Prog, 2021, 104(1): 1-21.
14.	Melka B, Gracka M, Adamczyk W, et al. Multiphase simulation of blood flow within main thoracic arteries of 8-year-old child with coarctation of the aorta. Heat Mass Transfer, 2018, 54: 2405-2413.
15.	Ou Chubin, Huang Wei, Yuen M M F, et al. Hemodynamic modeling of leukocyte and erythrocyte transport and interactions in intracranial aneurysms by a multiphase approach. J Biomech, 2016, 49(14): 3476-3484.
16.	王帶領, 譚建平, 喻哲欽. 基于多相流的軸流血泵流場分析及溶血指數預測. 中南大學學報(自然科學版), 2018, 49(8): 1929-1935.
17.	吳華春, 彭斯捷. 基于CFD磁懸浮離心血泵多相流流場仿真研究. 風機技術, 2023, 65(1): 40-46.
18.	Giersiepen M, Wurzinger L J, Opitz R, et al. Estimation of shear stress-related blood damage in heart valve prostheses-in vitro comparison of 25 aortic valves. Int J Artif Organs, 1990, 13(5): 300-306.
19.	Bludszuweit C. Three-dimensional numerical prediction of stress loading of blood particles in a centrifugal pump. Artif Organs, 1995, 19(7): 590-596.
20.	云忠, 向闖, 蔡超, 等. 邊界振動流場對單個紅細胞損傷影響分析. 生物醫學工程學雜志, 2016, 33(1): 78-82.
21.	Behbahani M, Behr M, Hormes M, et al. A review of computational fluid dynamics analysis of blood pumps. Eur J Appl Math, 2009, 20(4): 363-397.
22.	Wang Fangqun, Li Lan, Feng Zhigang, et al. Prediction of shear stress-related hemolysis in centrifugal blood pumps by computational fluid dynamics. Prog Nat Sci, 2005, 15(10): 951-955.
23.	Peng Fang, Du Jianjun, Yu Shunzhou. Impeller (straight blade) design variations and their influence on the performance of a centrifugal blood pump. Int J Artif Organs, 2020, 43(12): 782-795.
24.	Huang Bo, Guo Miao, Lu Bin, et al. Geometric optimization of an extracorporeal centrifugal blood pump with an unshrouded impeller concerning both hydraulic performance and shear stress. Processes, 2021, 9(7): 1211.
25.	Yang Weibo, Zhou Jian, Xiao Weihu, et al. Effect of conical spiral flow channel and impeller parameters on flow field and hemolysis performance of an axial magnetic blood pump. Processes, 2022, 10(5): 853.
26.	阮曉東, 陳松松, 錢偉文, 等. 基于溶血性能的離心式旋轉血泵設計. 中國生物醫學工程學報, 2011, 30(3): 411-415.
27.	荊騰, 潘愛娣, 顧發東, 等. 主動脈穿刺型軸流血泵折邊結構葉輪的數值模擬及溶血分析. 排灌機械工程學報, 2024, 42(2): 109-117.

1. Mohammadi R, Karimi M S, Raisee M, et al. Probabilistic CFD analysis on the flow field and performance of the FDA centrifugal blood pump. Appl Math Model, 2022, 109: 555-577.
2. Moazami N, Fukamachi K, Kobayashi M, et al. Starling Axial and centrifugal continuous-flow rotary pumps: A translation from pump mechanics to clinical practice. J Heart Lung Transplant, 2013, 32(1): 1-11.
3. 劉澤輝, 張松, 屈一飛. 基于計算流體動力學仿真的離心式人工心臟泵葉片參數優化. 工具技術, 2021, 55(10): 51-57.
4. Wu Peng. Recent advances in the application of computational fluid dynamics in the development of rotary blood pumps. Med Nov Technol Devices, 2022, 16: 100177.
5. Song Guoliang, Chua L P, Lim T M. Numerical study of a bio-centrifugal blood pump with straight impeller blade profiles. Artif Organs, 2010, 34(2): 98-104.
6. Takano T, Schulte-Eistrup S, Yoshikawa M, et al. Impeller design for a miniaturized centrifugal blood pump. Artif Organs, 2000, 24(10): 821-825.
7. Song Guoliang, Chua L P, Lim T M. Numerical study of a centrifugal blood pump with different impeller profiles. ASAIO J, 2010, 56(1): 24-29.
8. Li Yuan, Yu Jiachen, Wang Hongyu, et al. Investigation of the influence of blade configuration on the hemodynamic performance and blood damage of the centrifugal blood pump. Artif Organs, 2022, 46(9): 1817-1832.
9. 龔曉東, 楊樹進, 劉祚時. 基于fluent離心式血泵內流場仿真與結構優化. 中國醫學物理學雜志, 2022, 39(7): 913-918.
10. 汪毅淵, 周麗杰, 吳瑤, 等. 磁懸浮血泵流場分析與結構優化. 現代制造技術與裝備, 2021, 57(1): 47-51.
11. Wiegmann L, Bo?s S, de Zélicourt D, et al. Blood pump design variations and their influence on hydraulic performance and indicators of hemocompatibility. Ann Biomed Eng, 2018, 46: 417-428.
12. Chua L P, Yu S C M, Leo H L, et al. Comparison of flow characteristics of enlarged blood pump models with different impeller design. Int Commun Heat Mass, 1999, 26(3): 369-378.
13. Yu Zheqin, Tan Jianping, Wang Shuai. Enhanced discrete phase model for multiphase flow simulation of blood flow with high shear stress. Sci Prog, 2021, 104(1): 1-21.
14. Melka B, Gracka M, Adamczyk W, et al. Multiphase simulation of blood flow within main thoracic arteries of 8-year-old child with coarctation of the aorta. Heat Mass Transfer, 2018, 54: 2405-2413.
15. Ou Chubin, Huang Wei, Yuen M M F, et al. Hemodynamic modeling of leukocyte and erythrocyte transport and interactions in intracranial aneurysms by a multiphase approach. J Biomech, 2016, 49(14): 3476-3484.
16. 王帶領, 譚建平, 喻哲欽. 基于多相流的軸流血泵流場分析及溶血指數預測. 中南大學學報(自然科學版), 2018, 49(8): 1929-1935.
17. 吳華春, 彭斯捷. 基于CFD磁懸浮離心血泵多相流流場仿真研究. 風機技術, 2023, 65(1): 40-46.
18. Giersiepen M, Wurzinger L J, Opitz R, et al. Estimation of shear stress-related blood damage in heart valve prostheses-in vitro comparison of 25 aortic valves. Int J Artif Organs, 1990, 13(5): 300-306.
19. Bludszuweit C. Three-dimensional numerical prediction of stress loading of blood particles in a centrifugal pump. Artif Organs, 1995, 19(7): 590-596.
20. 云忠, 向闖, 蔡超, 等. 邊界振動流場對單個紅細胞損傷影響分析. 生物醫學工程學雜志, 2016, 33(1): 78-82.
21. Behbahani M, Behr M, Hormes M, et al. A review of computational fluid dynamics analysis of blood pumps. Eur J Appl Math, 2009, 20(4): 363-397.
22. Wang Fangqun, Li Lan, Feng Zhigang, et al. Prediction of shear stress-related hemolysis in centrifugal blood pumps by computational fluid dynamics. Prog Nat Sci, 2005, 15(10): 951-955.
23. Peng Fang, Du Jianjun, Yu Shunzhou. Impeller (straight blade) design variations and their influence on the performance of a centrifugal blood pump. Int J Artif Organs, 2020, 43(12): 782-795.
24. Huang Bo, Guo Miao, Lu Bin, et al. Geometric optimization of an extracorporeal centrifugal blood pump with an unshrouded impeller concerning both hydraulic performance and shear stress. Processes, 2021, 9(7): 1211.
25. Yang Weibo, Zhou Jian, Xiao Weihu, et al. Effect of conical spiral flow channel and impeller parameters on flow field and hemolysis performance of an axial magnetic blood pump. Processes, 2022, 10(5): 853.
26. 阮曉東, 陳松松, 錢偉文, 等. 基于溶血性能的離心式旋轉血泵設計. 中國生物醫學工程學報, 2011, 30(3): 411-415.
27. 荊騰, 潘愛娣, 顧發東, 等. 主動脈穿刺型軸流血泵折邊結構葉輪的數值模擬及溶血分析. 排灌機械工程學報, 2024, 42(2): 109-117.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Numerical study of the effect of geometrical parameters of straight impellers on the flow and hemolysis performance of centrifugal blood pumps

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