Progress in numerical simulation and experimental study on inhalable particles deposition in human respiratory system_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

LI Rong ^1,2 , ZHAO Xiuguo ¹ , LIU Yajun ¹ ,  XU Xinxi ¹

1. Institute of Medical Equipment, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300161, P.R.China;
2. Department of Military Protective Medicine, Logistics University of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300309, P.R.China;

Corresponding?author：

XU Xinxi, Email: xuxxl@sohu.com

Keywords：

inhalable particle; human respiratory system; deposition; numerical simulation; in vitro model

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.201610022

Video：

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Inhalable particles deposition in the human respiratory system is the main cause of many respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. It plays an important role in related disease prevention and treatment through establishing computer or external entity models to study rules of particle deposition. The paper summarized and analyzed the present research results of various inhalable particle deposition models of upper respiratory tract and pulmonary area, and expounded the application in the areas of disease inducement analysis, drug inhale treatment etc. Based on the review, the paper puts forward the problems and application limitations of present research, especially pointing out future emphasis in development directions. It will have a value of reference guidance for further systematic and in-depth study on the inhalable particle deposition simulation, experiment and application.

Citation： LI Rong, ZHAO Xiuguo, LIU Yajun, XU Xinxi. Progress in numerical simulation and experimental study on inhalable particles deposition in human respiratory system. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2017, 34(4): 637-642. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.201610022 Copy

1.	Williams B. Occupational respiratory diseases. New England Journal of Medicine, 2000, 346(6): 406-413.
2.	Dockery D W, Pope C A, Xu X, et al. An association between air pollution and mortality in six U. S. cities. N Engl J Med, 1993, 329(24): 1753-1759.
3.	郭新彪, 魏紅英. 大氣 PM2.5 對健康影響的研究進展. 科學通報, 2013, 58(13): 1171-1177.
4.	Bahmanzadeh H, Abouali O, Faramarzi M, et al. Numerical simulation of airflow and micro-particle deposition in human nasal airway pre-and post-virtual sphenoidotomy surgery. Comput Biol Med, 2015, 61: 8-18.
5.	王斯民, 顧昕, 許世峰, 等. 鼻腔內物理場及氣固兩相流數值仿真研究進展. 國際耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科雜志, 2016, 40(2): 65-70.
6.	蘇英鋒, 劉迎曦, 孫秀珍, 等. 健康國人鼻腔氣流場數值模擬研究. 中國耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科, 2015(11): 545-547, 562.
7.	Cisonni J, Lucey A D, King A J, et al. Numerical simulation of pharyngeal airflow applied to obstructive sleep apnea: effect of the nasal cavity in anatomically accurate airway models. Med Biol Eng Comput, 2015, 53(11): 1129-1139.
8.	Xi Jinxiang, Yuan J E, Yang Mingan, et al. Parametric study on mouth-throat geometrical factors on deposition of orally inhaled aerosols. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 99(SI): 94-106.
9.	黃小青, 林江, 陳勇, 等. 高速氣流對人體鼻腔溫度場影響的數值研究. 廣西大學學報: 自然科學版, 2016, 41(2): 562-569.
10.	Van Rhein T, Alzahrany M, Banerjee A, et al. Fluid flow and particle transport in mechanically ventilated airways. Part I. Fluid flow structures. Med Biol Eng Comput, 2016, 54(7): 1085-1096.
11.	Sracic M K. Modeled regional airway deposition of inhaled particlesin athletes at exertion. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 99: 54-63.
12.	Augusto L L X, Gon?alves J A S, Lopes G C. CFD evaluation of the influence of physical mechanisms, particle size, and breathing condition on the deposition of particulates in a triple bifurcation airway. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2016, 227(2): 1-13.
13.	Islam S, Saha S C, Sauret E, et al. Effects of velocity on diesel exhaust particle transport and deposition in the central airways of the human lung//ACCM, 2015, 18: 175-187.
14.	Rahimi-Gorji M, Pourmehran O, Gorji-Bandpy M, et al. CFD simulation of airflow behavior and particle transport and deposition in different breathing conditions through the realistic model of human airways. J Mol Liq, 2015, 209: 121-133.
15.	Rahimi-Gorji M, Gorji T B, Gorji-Bandpy M. Details of regional particle deposition and airflow structures in a realistic model of human tracheobronchial airways: two-phase flow simulation. Comput Biol Med, 2016, 74: 1-17.
16.	Lintermann A, Schr?der W. Simulation of aerosol particle deposition in the upper human tracheobronchial tract. Eur J Mech B Fluids, 2017, 63: 73-89.
17.	Darquenne C. Aerosol deposition in the human lung in reduced gravity. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, 2014, 27(3): 170-177.
18.	于申, 王吉喆, 孫秀珍, 等. 呼吸道內顆粒物沉積的數值模擬. 醫用生物力學, 2016, 31(3): 193-198.
19.	Dastan A, Abouali O, Ahmadi G. CFD simulation of total and regional fiber deposition in human nasal cavities. J Aerosol Sci, 2014, 69(10): 132-149.
20.	Sturm R. A computer model for the simulation of nanoparticle deposition in the alveolar structures of the human lungs. J Transl Med, 2015, 3(19): 281.
21.	Sturm R. Bioaerosols in the lungs of subjects with different ages-part 1: deposition modeling. J Transl Med, 2016, 4(11): 211.
22.	Winkler-Heil R, Ferron G, Hofmann W. Calculation of hygroscopic particle deposition in the human lung. Inhal Toxicol, 2014, 26(3): 193-206.
23.	Kabilan S, Suffield S R, Recknagle K P, et al. Computational fluid dynamics modeling of Bacillus anthracis spore deposition in rabbit and human respiratory airways. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 99(SI): 64-77.
24.	Islam M S, Saha S C, Sauret E, et al. Numerical investigation of diesel exhaust particle transport and deposition in up to 17 generations of the lung airway//20th AFMC, Perth: 2016.
25.	Borojeni A A T, Noga M L, Vehring R, et al. Measurements of total aerosol deposition in intrathoracicconducting airway replicas of children. J Aerosol Sci, 2014, 73(7): 39-47.
26.	李福生, 徐新喜, 孫棟, 等. 氣溶膠顆粒在人體上呼吸道模型內沉積的實驗研究. 醫用生物力學, 2013, 28(2): 135-141.
27.	秦廷武. 臨床生物力學基礎. 北京: 軍事醫學科學出版社, 2015: 96.
28.	?ywczyk ?, Moskal A. Modeling of the influence of tissue mechanical properties on the process of aerosol particles deposition in a model of human alveolus. J Drug Deliv Sci Tec, 2012, 22(2): 153-159.
29.	Darquenne C. Aerosol deposition in health and disease. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, 2012, 25(3): 140-147.
30.	張鴻雁, 李彥輝, 崔海航. PM2.5 細顆粒物在肺腺泡區運動及沉積的數值模擬. 納米技術與精密工程, 2015(4): 264-270.
31.	Darquenne C, Harrington L, Prisk G K. Alveolar duct expansion greatly enhances aerosol deposition: a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics study. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci, 2009, 367(1896): 2333-2346.
32.	Federspiel W J, Fredberg J J. Axial dispersion in respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts. J Appl Physiol, 1988, 64(6): 2614-2621.
33.	Sznitman J, Heimsch F, Heimsch T, et al. Three-dimensional convective alveolar flow induced by rhythmic breathing motion of the pulmonary acinus. J Biomech Eng, 2007, 129(5): 658-665.
34.	Sznitman J, Heimsch T, Wildhaber J H, et al. Respiratory flow phenomena and gravitational deposition in a three-dimensional space-filling model of the pulmonary acinar tree. J Biomech Eng, 2009, 131(3): 031010.
35.	Ma Baoshun, Darquenne C. Aerosol deposition characteristics in distal acinar airways under cyclic breathing conditions. J Appl Physiol, 2011, 110(5): 1271-1282.
36.	Khajeh-Hosseini-Dalasm N, Longest P W. Deposition of particles in the alveolar airways: inhalation and Breath-Hold with pharmaceutical aerosols. J Aerosol Sci, 2015, 79: 15-30.
37.	Oakes J M, Day S, Weinstein S J, et al. Flow field analysis in expanding healthy and emphysematous alveolar models using particle image velocimetry. J Biomech Eng, 2010, 132(2): 021008.
38.	Johannes C S, Sonja I M, Marco S, Evidence and structural mechanism for late lung alveolarization. Am J Physiol. Lung Cell Mol Pphysiol, 2008, 294: L246-L254.
39.	Moraes C, Mehta G, Lesher-Perez S C, et al. Organs-on-a-chip: a focus on compartmentalized microdevices. Ann Biomed Eng, 2012, 40(6): 1211-1227.
40.	陳曉樂, 鐘文琪, 金保異. 可吸入顆粒污染物在下呼吸道運動和沉積規律的數值模擬. 東南大學學報: 自然科學版, 2011, 41(2): 393-399.
41.	Darquenne C, Lamm W J, Fine J M, et al. Total and regional deposition of inhaled aerosols in supine healthy subjects and subjects with mild-to-moderate COPD. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 99: 27-39.
42.	Wang Yibo, Watts A B, Peters J I, et al. The impact of pulmonary diseases on the fate of inhaled medicines--a review. Int J Pharm, 2014, 461(1/2): 112-128.
43.	Yang M Y, Chan J G, Chan H K. Pulmonary drug delivery by powder aerosols. J Control Release, 2014, 193: 228-240.
44.	Phalen R F, Raabe O G. The evolution of inhaled particle dose modeling: A review. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 99(SI): 7-13.
45.	Feng Yu, Kleinstreuer C, Castro N, et al. Computational transport, phase change and deposition analysis of inhaled multicomponent droplet-vapor mixtures in an idealized human upper lung model. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 96: 96-123.
46.	Hoppentocht M, Hagedoorn P, Frijlink H W, et al. Technological and practical challenges of dry powder inhalers and formulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 2014, 75(2): 18-31.
47.	Krafcik A, Babinec P, Frollo I. Computational analysis of magnetic field induced deposition of magnetic particles in lung alveolus in comparison to deposition produced with viscous drag and gravitational force. J Magn Magn Mater, 2015, 380(3): 46-53.

1. Williams B. Occupational respiratory diseases. New England Journal of Medicine, 2000, 346(6): 406-413.
2. Dockery D W, Pope C A, Xu X, et al. An association between air pollution and mortality in six U. S. cities. N Engl J Med, 1993, 329(24): 1753-1759.
3. 郭新彪, 魏紅英. 大氣 PM2.5 對健康影響的研究進展. 科學通報, 2013, 58(13): 1171-1177.
4. Bahmanzadeh H, Abouali O, Faramarzi M, et al. Numerical simulation of airflow and micro-particle deposition in human nasal airway pre-and post-virtual sphenoidotomy surgery. Comput Biol Med, 2015, 61: 8-18.
5. 王斯民, 顧昕, 許世峰, 等. 鼻腔內物理場及氣固兩相流數值仿真研究進展. 國際耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科雜志, 2016, 40(2): 65-70.
6. 蘇英鋒, 劉迎曦, 孫秀珍, 等. 健康國人鼻腔氣流場數值模擬研究. 中國耳鼻咽喉頭頸外科, 2015(11): 545-547, 562.
7. Cisonni J, Lucey A D, King A J, et al. Numerical simulation of pharyngeal airflow applied to obstructive sleep apnea: effect of the nasal cavity in anatomically accurate airway models. Med Biol Eng Comput, 2015, 53(11): 1129-1139.
8. Xi Jinxiang, Yuan J E, Yang Mingan, et al. Parametric study on mouth-throat geometrical factors on deposition of orally inhaled aerosols. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 99(SI): 94-106.
9. 黃小青, 林江, 陳勇, 等. 高速氣流對人體鼻腔溫度場影響的數值研究. 廣西大學學報: 自然科學版, 2016, 41(2): 562-569.
10. Van Rhein T, Alzahrany M, Banerjee A, et al. Fluid flow and particle transport in mechanically ventilated airways. Part I. Fluid flow structures. Med Biol Eng Comput, 2016, 54(7): 1085-1096.
11. Sracic M K. Modeled regional airway deposition of inhaled particlesin athletes at exertion. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 99: 54-63.
12. Augusto L L X, Gon?alves J A S, Lopes G C. CFD evaluation of the influence of physical mechanisms, particle size, and breathing condition on the deposition of particulates in a triple bifurcation airway. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2016, 227(2): 1-13.
13. Islam S, Saha S C, Sauret E, et al. Effects of velocity on diesel exhaust particle transport and deposition in the central airways of the human lung//ACCM, 2015, 18: 175-187.
14. Rahimi-Gorji M, Pourmehran O, Gorji-Bandpy M, et al. CFD simulation of airflow behavior and particle transport and deposition in different breathing conditions through the realistic model of human airways. J Mol Liq, 2015, 209: 121-133.
15. Rahimi-Gorji M, Gorji T B, Gorji-Bandpy M. Details of regional particle deposition and airflow structures in a realistic model of human tracheobronchial airways: two-phase flow simulation. Comput Biol Med, 2016, 74: 1-17.
16. Lintermann A, Schr?der W. Simulation of aerosol particle deposition in the upper human tracheobronchial tract. Eur J Mech B Fluids, 2017, 63: 73-89.
17. Darquenne C. Aerosol deposition in the human lung in reduced gravity. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, 2014, 27(3): 170-177.
18. 于申, 王吉喆, 孫秀珍, 等. 呼吸道內顆粒物沉積的數值模擬. 醫用生物力學, 2016, 31(3): 193-198.
19. Dastan A, Abouali O, Ahmadi G. CFD simulation of total and regional fiber deposition in human nasal cavities. J Aerosol Sci, 2014, 69(10): 132-149.
20. Sturm R. A computer model for the simulation of nanoparticle deposition in the alveolar structures of the human lungs. J Transl Med, 2015, 3(19): 281.
21. Sturm R. Bioaerosols in the lungs of subjects with different ages-part 1: deposition modeling. J Transl Med, 2016, 4(11): 211.
22. Winkler-Heil R, Ferron G, Hofmann W. Calculation of hygroscopic particle deposition in the human lung. Inhal Toxicol, 2014, 26(3): 193-206.
23. Kabilan S, Suffield S R, Recknagle K P, et al. Computational fluid dynamics modeling of Bacillus anthracis spore deposition in rabbit and human respiratory airways. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 99(SI): 64-77.
24. Islam M S, Saha S C, Sauret E, et al. Numerical investigation of diesel exhaust particle transport and deposition in up to 17 generations of the lung airway//20th AFMC, Perth: 2016.
25. Borojeni A A T, Noga M L, Vehring R, et al. Measurements of total aerosol deposition in intrathoracicconducting airway replicas of children. J Aerosol Sci, 2014, 73(7): 39-47.
26. 李福生, 徐新喜, 孫棟, 等. 氣溶膠顆粒在人體上呼吸道模型內沉積的實驗研究. 醫用生物力學, 2013, 28(2): 135-141.
27. 秦廷武. 臨床生物力學基礎. 北京: 軍事醫學科學出版社, 2015: 96.
28. ?ywczyk ?, Moskal A. Modeling of the influence of tissue mechanical properties on the process of aerosol particles deposition in a model of human alveolus. J Drug Deliv Sci Tec, 2012, 22(2): 153-159.
29. Darquenne C. Aerosol deposition in health and disease. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv, 2012, 25(3): 140-147.
30. 張鴻雁, 李彥輝, 崔海航. PM2.5 細顆粒物在肺腺泡區運動及沉積的數值模擬. 納米技術與精密工程, 2015(4): 264-270.
31. Darquenne C, Harrington L, Prisk G K. Alveolar duct expansion greatly enhances aerosol deposition: a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics study. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci, 2009, 367(1896): 2333-2346.
32. Federspiel W J, Fredberg J J. Axial dispersion in respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts. J Appl Physiol, 1988, 64(6): 2614-2621.
33. Sznitman J, Heimsch F, Heimsch T, et al. Three-dimensional convective alveolar flow induced by rhythmic breathing motion of the pulmonary acinus. J Biomech Eng, 2007, 129(5): 658-665.
34. Sznitman J, Heimsch T, Wildhaber J H, et al. Respiratory flow phenomena and gravitational deposition in a three-dimensional space-filling model of the pulmonary acinar tree. J Biomech Eng, 2009, 131(3): 031010.
35. Ma Baoshun, Darquenne C. Aerosol deposition characteristics in distal acinar airways under cyclic breathing conditions. J Appl Physiol, 2011, 110(5): 1271-1282.
36. Khajeh-Hosseini-Dalasm N, Longest P W. Deposition of particles in the alveolar airways: inhalation and Breath-Hold with pharmaceutical aerosols. J Aerosol Sci, 2015, 79: 15-30.
37. Oakes J M, Day S, Weinstein S J, et al. Flow field analysis in expanding healthy and emphysematous alveolar models using particle image velocimetry. J Biomech Eng, 2010, 132(2): 021008.
38. Johannes C S, Sonja I M, Marco S, Evidence and structural mechanism for late lung alveolarization. Am J Physiol. Lung Cell Mol Pphysiol, 2008, 294: L246-L254.
39. Moraes C, Mehta G, Lesher-Perez S C, et al. Organs-on-a-chip: a focus on compartmentalized microdevices. Ann Biomed Eng, 2012, 40(6): 1211-1227.
40. 陳曉樂, 鐘文琪, 金保異. 可吸入顆粒污染物在下呼吸道運動和沉積規律的數值模擬. 東南大學學報: 自然科學版, 2011, 41(2): 393-399.
41. Darquenne C, Lamm W J, Fine J M, et al. Total and regional deposition of inhaled aerosols in supine healthy subjects and subjects with mild-to-moderate COPD. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 99: 27-39.
42. Wang Yibo, Watts A B, Peters J I, et al. The impact of pulmonary diseases on the fate of inhaled medicines--a review. Int J Pharm, 2014, 461(1/2): 112-128.
43. Yang M Y, Chan J G, Chan H K. Pulmonary drug delivery by powder aerosols. J Control Release, 2014, 193: 228-240.
44. Phalen R F, Raabe O G. The evolution of inhaled particle dose modeling: A review. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 99(SI): 7-13.
45. Feng Yu, Kleinstreuer C, Castro N, et al. Computational transport, phase change and deposition analysis of inhaled multicomponent droplet-vapor mixtures in an idealized human upper lung model. J Aerosol Sci, 2016, 96: 96-123.
46. Hoppentocht M, Hagedoorn P, Frijlink H W, et al. Technological and practical challenges of dry powder inhalers and formulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 2014, 75(2): 18-31.
47. Krafcik A, Babinec P, Frollo I. Computational analysis of magnetic field induced deposition of magnetic particles in lung alveolus in comparison to deposition produced with viscous drag and gravitational force. J Magn Magn Mater, 2015, 380(3): 46-53.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Progress in numerical simulation and experimental study on inhalable particles deposition in human respiratory system

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