Wireless Human Body Communication Technology_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

SUNLei ,  ZHANGXiaojuan

College of Science, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China;

Corresponding?author：

ZHANGXiaojuan, Email: lzhangxiaojuan@126.com

Keywords：

human body communication model; body area communications; digital transmission; adaptive frequency hopping

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.20140263

Video：

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The Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is a key part of the wearable monitoring technologies, which has many communication technologies to choose from, like Bluetooth, ZigBee, Ultra Wideband, and Wireless Human Body Communication (WHBC). As for the WHBC developed in recent years, it is worthy to be further studied. The WHBC has a strong momentum of growth and a natural advantage in the formation of WBAN. In this paper, we first briefly describe the technical background of WHBC, then introduce theoretical model of human-channel communication and digital transmission machine based on human channel. And finally we analyze various of the interference of the WHBC and show the AFH (Adaptive Frequency Hopping) technology which can effectively deal with the interference.

Citation： SUNLei, ZHANGXiaojuan. Wireless Human Body Communication Technology. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2014, 31(6): 1389-1393. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.20140263 Copy

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12.	CHO N, YOO J, SONG S J, et al. The human body characteristics as a signal transmission medium for intrabody communication[J]. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2007, 55(5):1080-1086.
13.	LU?EV Z, KROIS I, CIFREK M. A capacitive intrabody communication channel from 100 kHz to 100 MHz[J]. IEEE TRANS INSTR MEAS, 2012, 61(12):3280-3289.
14.	XU R Y, ZHU H J, YUAN J. Electric-field intrabody communication channel modeling with finite-element method[J]. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2011, 58(3):705-712.
15.	XU R Y, NG W C, ZHU H J, et al. Equation environment coupling and interference on the electric-field intrabody communication channel[J]. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2012, 59(7):2051-2059.
16.	WANG J Q, NISHIKAWA Y, SHIBATA T. Analysis of on-body transmission mechanism and characteristic based on an electromagnetic fieldapproach[J]. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2009, 57(10):2464-2470.
17.	FUJⅡ K, TAKAHASHI M, ITO K. Electric field distributions of wearable devices using the human body as a transmission channel[J]. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag, 2010, 55(7):2080-2087.
18.	BAE J, CHO H, SONG K, et al. The signal transmission mechanism on the surface of human body for body channel communication[J]. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2012, 60(3):582-593.
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1. RHEE W, XU N, ZHOU B, et al. Low power, non invasive UWB systems for WBAN and biomedical applications[C]//2010 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC). Jeju:2010:35-40.
2. ARYO J, LAI D. A prototype ZigBee to Bluetooth gateway for emerging body area network application[C]//20114th Annual Caneus Fly by Wireless Workshop (FBW). Montreal QC:2011:1.
3. 高原,張政波,王衛東,等.基于智能手機的穿戴式移動監護系統[J].醫療衛生裝備,2010,31(5):8-9, 22.
4. MERCIER P P, CHANDRAKASAN A P. A Supply-Rail-Coupled eTextiles Transceiver for Body-Area Networks[J]. IEEE J Solid-State Circ, 2011, 46(6):1284-1295.
5. SAITO K, KITAO K, IMAI T, et al. Human-body shadowing modeling for indoor quasi-static MIMO channels[C]//201210th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation & EM Theory (ISAPE). Xi'an:2012:608-611.
6. EL-HOIYDI A. Interference between Bluetooth networks-upper bound on the packet error rate[J]. IEEE Comm Lett, 2001, 5(6):245-247.
7. GRASSI P R, RANA V, BERETTA I,et al. B²IRS:a technique to reduce BAN-BAN Interferences in Wireless Sensor Networks[C]//2012 Ninth International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks. London:2012:46-51.
8. CHO N, YAN L, BAE J, et al. A 60 kb/s-10 Mb/s adaptive frequency hopping transceiver for interference-resilient body channel communication[J]. IEEE J Solid-State Circ, 2009, 44(3):708-717.
9. SONG S J, CHO N, YOO H J, et al. A 0.2-mW 2-Mb/s digital transceiver based on wideband signaling for human body communications[J]. IEEE J Solid-State Circ, 2007, 42(9):2021-2033.
10. PARK H I, LIM I G, KANG S,et al. Human body communication system with FSBT[C]//2010 IEEE 14th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (ISCE). Braunschweig:2010:1-5.
11. IEEE. IEEE 802.15 WPAN^TM Task Group 6(TG6) Body Area Networks[EB/OL].(2013-09-18)[2013-09-18].http://www.ieee802.org/15/pub/TG6.html.
12. CHO N, YOO J, SONG S J, et al. The human body characteristics as a signal transmission medium for intrabody communication[J]. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2007, 55(5):1080-1086.
13. LU?EV Z, KROIS I, CIFREK M. A capacitive intrabody communication channel from 100 kHz to 100 MHz[J]. IEEE TRANS INSTR MEAS, 2012, 61(12):3280-3289.
14. XU R Y, ZHU H J, YUAN J. Electric-field intrabody communication channel modeling with finite-element method[J]. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2011, 58(3):705-712.
15. XU R Y, NG W C, ZHU H J, et al. Equation environment coupling and interference on the electric-field intrabody communication channel[J]. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2012, 59(7):2051-2059.
16. WANG J Q, NISHIKAWA Y, SHIBATA T. Analysis of on-body transmission mechanism and characteristic based on an electromagnetic fieldapproach[J]. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2009, 57(10):2464-2470.
17. FUJⅡ K, TAKAHASHI M, ITO K. Electric field distributions of wearable devices using the human body as a transmission channel[J]. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag, 2010, 55(7):2080-2087.
18. BAE J, CHO H, SONG K, et al. The signal transmission mechanism on the surface of human body for body channel communication[J]. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech, 2012, 60(3):582-593.
19. RUIZ J A, SHIMAMOYO S. Statistical modeling of intra-body propagation channel[C]//IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference. Kowloon:2007:2063-2068.
20. LONT M, MILOSEVIC D, VAN ROERMUND A H M, et al. Ultra-low power FSK receiver for body area networks with automatic frequency control[C]//2012 Proceedings of the European Solid-State Circuit Conference. Bordeaux:2012:430-433.
21. SONG S J, CHO N, KIM S, et al. A 0.9 V 2.6 mW body-coupled scalable PHY transceiver for body sensor applications[C]//IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. San Francisco, CA:2007:366-367, 609.
22. FAZZI A, OUZOUNOV S, VAN DEN HOMBERG J. A 2.75 mW wideband correlation-based transceiver for body-coupled communication[C]//IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference. San Francisco, CA:2009:204-205, 205a.
23. NOETSCHER G, MAKAROV S N, CLOW N. Modeling accuracy and features of body-area networks with out-of-body antennas at 402 MHz[J]. IEEE Antennas Propag Mag, 2011, 53(4):118-143.
24. BAEK J, LEE Y, CHOI J. A wideband ZOR on-body antenna for WBAN applications[C]//2012 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP). Nagoys:2012:975-978.

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