From Microdosimetry to Nanodosimetry--the Link between Radiobiology and Radiation Physics_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

FUYuchuan ¹ , LIPing ²

1. Department of Radiation Physics and Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
2. Department of Radiation Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;

Corresponding?author：

Keywords：

microdosimetry; nanodosimetry; micro-parameters; macro-parameters; biology effect

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.20140131

Video：

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The link between micro- and macro-parameters for radiation interactions that take place in living biological systems is described in this paper. Meanwhile recent progress and development in microdosimetry and nanodosimetry are introduced, including the methods to measure and calculate these micro- or nano-parameters. The relationship between radiobiology and physical quantities in microdosimetry and nanodosimetry was presented. Both the current problems on their applications in radiation protection and radiotherapy and the future development direction are proposed.

Citation： FUYuchuan, LIPing. From Microdosimetry to Nanodosimetry--the Link between Radiobiology and Radiation Physics. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2014, 31(3): 703-707. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.20140131 Copy

1.	BOHR N. On the decrease of velocity of swiftly moving electrified particles in passing through matter[J]. Philosophical Magazine Series 6, 1915, 30(178):581-612.
2.	BETHE H, HEITLER W. On the stopping of fast particles and on the creation of positive electrons[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London a, 1934, 146(856):83-112.
3.	FANO U. Atomic theory of electromagnetic interactions in dense materials[J]. Phys Rev, 1956, 103(5):1202-1218.
4.	ERIKSSON D, STIGBRAND T. Radiation-induced cell death mechanisms[J]. Tumour Biol, 2010, 31(4):363-372.
5.	RITTER S, DURANTE M. Heavy-ion induced chromosomal aberrations:A review[J]. Mutat Res, 2010, 701(1):38-46.
6.	SCHMID T E, DOLLINGER G, HABLE V, et al. Relative biological effectiveness of pulsed and continuous 20 MeV protons for micronucleus induction in 3D human reconstructed skin tissue[J]. Radiother Oncol, 2010, 95(1):66-72.
7.	SHEN Z Y. Genomic instability and cancer:an introduction[J]. J Mol Cell Biol, 2011, 3(1):1-3.
8.	LORD C J, ASHWORTH A. The DNA damage response and cancer therapy[J]. Nature, 2012, 481(7381):287-294.
9.	(蘇)依萬諾夫B И.,雷佐夫B H.微劑量學基礎[M].華明川譯,北京:原子能出版社,1987.
10.	張文仲,郭勇.微劑量學的發展及其應用[J].輻射防護,2004,24(6):388-398.
11.	LIAMSUWAN T, EMFIETZOGLOU D, UEHARA S, et al. Microdosimetry of low-energy electrons[J]. Int J Radiat Biol, 2012, 88(12):899-907.
12.	NETTELBECK H, RABUS H. Nanodosimetry:the missing link between radiobiology and radiation physics?[J]. Radiat Meas, 2011, 46(9):893-897.
13.	International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements. Fundamental quantities and units for ionizing radiation:ICRU Report 60[R]. Bethesda, MD,USA:ICRU, 1998.
14.	NIKJOO H, LINDBORG L. RBE of low energy electrons and photons[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2010, 55(10):R65-109.
15.	LINDBORG L, NIKJOO H. Microdosimetry and radiation quality determinations in radiation protection and radiation therapy[J]. Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2011, 143(2-4):402-408.
16.	FRIEDRICH T, SCHOLZ U, ELS? SSER T, et al. Calculation of the biological effects of ion beams based on the microscopic spatial damage distribution pattern[J]. Int J Radiat Biol, 2012, 88(1-2):103-107.
17.	LUKAS J, LUKAS C, BARTEK J. More than just a focus:the chromatin response to DNA damage and its role in genome integrity maintenance[J]. Nat Cell Biol, 2011, 13(10):1161-1169.
18.	JEGGO P. The role of the DNA damage response mechanisms after low-dose radiation exposure and a consideration of potentially sensitive individuals[J]. Radiat Res, 2010, 174(6):825-832.
19.	XU Y, PRICE B D. Chromatin dynamics and the repair of DNA double strand breaks[J]. Cell Cycle, 2011, 10(2):261-267.
20.	ASAITHAMBY A, HU B R, CHEN D J. Unrepaired clustered DNA lesions induce chromosome breakage in human cells[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2011, 108(20):8293-8298.
21.	OKAMOTO H, KANAI T, KASE Y, et al. Relation between lineal energy distribution and relative biological effectiveness for photon beams according to the microdosimetric kinetic model[J]. J Radiat Res (Tokyo), 2011, 52(1):75-81.
22.	International Commission on Radiological Protection. Relative biological effectiveness (RBE), quality factor (Q), and radiation weighting factor (wR), ICRP Publication 92[R], Ann ICRP 33(4), 2003.
23.	CHEN J. Microdosimetric characteristics of proton beams from 50 keV to 200 MeV[J]. Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2011, 143(2-4):436-439.
24.	BRENNER D J, WARD J F. Constraints on energy deposition and target size of multiply damaged sites associated with DNA double-strand breaks[J]. Int J Radiat Biol, 1992, 61(6):737-748.
25.	GOODHEAD D T. Initial events in the cellular effects of ionizing radiations:clustered damage in DNA[J]. Int J Radiat Biol, 1994, 65(1):7-17.
26.	GARTY G, SCHULTE R, SHCHEMELININ S, et al. A nanodosimetric model of radiation-induced clustered DNA damage yields[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2010, 55(3):761-781.
27.	AGOSTEO S, POLA A. Silicon microdosimetry[J]. Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2011, 143(2-4):409-415.
28.	B?HLEN T T, DOSANJH M, FERRARI A, et al. Simulations of microdosimetric quantities with the Monte Carlo code FLUKA for carbon ions at therapeutic energies[J]. Int J Radiat Biol, 2012, 88(1-2):176-182.
29.	FUSS M C, SANZ A G, MU? OZ A, et al. Current prospects on Low Energy Particle Track Simulation for biomedical applications[J]. Appl Radiat Isot, 2013, 83(B):159-164.
30.	LAZARAKIS P, BUG M U, GARGIONI E, et al. Comparison of nanodosimetric parameters of track structure calculated by the Monte Carlo codes Geant4-DNA and PTra[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2012, 57(5):1231-1250.
31.	IVANCHENKO N V, INCERTI S, FRANCIS Z, et al. Combination of electromagnetic physics processes for microdosimetry in liquid water with the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2012, 273:95-97.
32.	KUNCIC Z, BYRNE H L, MCNAMARA A L, et al. In silico nanodosimetry:new insights into nontargeted biological responses to radiation[J]. Comput Math Methods Med, 2012, 2012:147252.
33.	INCERTI S, IVANCHENKO A, KARAMITROS M, et al. Comparison of GEANT4 very low energy cross section models with experimental data in water[J]. Med Phys, 2010, 37(9):4692-4708.
34.	SATO T, WATANABE R, KASE Y, et al. Analysis of cell-survival fractions for heavy-ion irradiations based on microdosimetric kinetic model implemented in the particle and heavy ion transport code system[J]. Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2011, 143(2-4):491-496.
35.	NEWHAUSER W D, DURANTE M. Assessing the risk of second malignancies after modern radiotherapy[J]. Nat Rev Cancer, 2011, 11(6):438-448.
36.	BYRNE H L, MCNAMARA A L, DOMANOVA W, et al. Radiation damage on sub-cellular scales:beyond DNA[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2013, 58(5):1251-1267.
37.	BRAHME A, LIND B K. A systems biology approach to radiation therapy optimization[J]. Radiat Environ Biophys, 2010, 49(2):111-124.

1. BOHR N. On the decrease of velocity of swiftly moving electrified particles in passing through matter[J]. Philosophical Magazine Series 6, 1915, 30(178):581-612.
2. BETHE H, HEITLER W. On the stopping of fast particles and on the creation of positive electrons[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London a, 1934, 146(856):83-112.
3. FANO U. Atomic theory of electromagnetic interactions in dense materials[J]. Phys Rev, 1956, 103(5):1202-1218.
4. ERIKSSON D, STIGBRAND T. Radiation-induced cell death mechanisms[J]. Tumour Biol, 2010, 31(4):363-372.
5. RITTER S, DURANTE M. Heavy-ion induced chromosomal aberrations:A review[J]. Mutat Res, 2010, 701(1):38-46.
6. SCHMID T E, DOLLINGER G, HABLE V, et al. Relative biological effectiveness of pulsed and continuous 20 MeV protons for micronucleus induction in 3D human reconstructed skin tissue[J]. Radiother Oncol, 2010, 95(1):66-72.
7. SHEN Z Y. Genomic instability and cancer:an introduction[J]. J Mol Cell Biol, 2011, 3(1):1-3.
8. LORD C J, ASHWORTH A. The DNA damage response and cancer therapy[J]. Nature, 2012, 481(7381):287-294.
9. (蘇)依萬諾夫B И.,雷佐夫B H.微劑量學基礎[M].華明川譯,北京:原子能出版社,1987.
10. 張文仲,郭勇.微劑量學的發展及其應用[J].輻射防護,2004,24(6):388-398.
11. LIAMSUWAN T, EMFIETZOGLOU D, UEHARA S, et al. Microdosimetry of low-energy electrons[J]. Int J Radiat Biol, 2012, 88(12):899-907.
12. NETTELBECK H, RABUS H. Nanodosimetry:the missing link between radiobiology and radiation physics?[J]. Radiat Meas, 2011, 46(9):893-897.
13. International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements. Fundamental quantities and units for ionizing radiation:ICRU Report 60[R]. Bethesda, MD,USA:ICRU, 1998.
14. NIKJOO H, LINDBORG L. RBE of low energy electrons and photons[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2010, 55(10):R65-109.
15. LINDBORG L, NIKJOO H. Microdosimetry and radiation quality determinations in radiation protection and radiation therapy[J]. Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2011, 143(2-4):402-408.
16. FRIEDRICH T, SCHOLZ U, ELS? SSER T, et al. Calculation of the biological effects of ion beams based on the microscopic spatial damage distribution pattern[J]. Int J Radiat Biol, 2012, 88(1-2):103-107.
17. LUKAS J, LUKAS C, BARTEK J. More than just a focus:the chromatin response to DNA damage and its role in genome integrity maintenance[J]. Nat Cell Biol, 2011, 13(10):1161-1169.
18. JEGGO P. The role of the DNA damage response mechanisms after low-dose radiation exposure and a consideration of potentially sensitive individuals[J]. Radiat Res, 2010, 174(6):825-832.
19. XU Y, PRICE B D. Chromatin dynamics and the repair of DNA double strand breaks[J]. Cell Cycle, 2011, 10(2):261-267.
20. ASAITHAMBY A, HU B R, CHEN D J. Unrepaired clustered DNA lesions induce chromosome breakage in human cells[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2011, 108(20):8293-8298.
21. OKAMOTO H, KANAI T, KASE Y, et al. Relation between lineal energy distribution and relative biological effectiveness for photon beams according to the microdosimetric kinetic model[J]. J Radiat Res (Tokyo), 2011, 52(1):75-81.
22. International Commission on Radiological Protection. Relative biological effectiveness (RBE), quality factor (Q), and radiation weighting factor (wR), ICRP Publication 92[R], Ann ICRP 33(4), 2003.
23. CHEN J. Microdosimetric characteristics of proton beams from 50 keV to 200 MeV[J]. Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2011, 143(2-4):436-439.
24. BRENNER D J, WARD J F. Constraints on energy deposition and target size of multiply damaged sites associated with DNA double-strand breaks[J]. Int J Radiat Biol, 1992, 61(6):737-748.
25. GOODHEAD D T. Initial events in the cellular effects of ionizing radiations:clustered damage in DNA[J]. Int J Radiat Biol, 1994, 65(1):7-17.
26. GARTY G, SCHULTE R, SHCHEMELININ S, et al. A nanodosimetric model of radiation-induced clustered DNA damage yields[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2010, 55(3):761-781.
27. AGOSTEO S, POLA A. Silicon microdosimetry[J]. Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2011, 143(2-4):409-415.
28. B?HLEN T T, DOSANJH M, FERRARI A, et al. Simulations of microdosimetric quantities with the Monte Carlo code FLUKA for carbon ions at therapeutic energies[J]. Int J Radiat Biol, 2012, 88(1-2):176-182.
29. FUSS M C, SANZ A G, MU? OZ A, et al. Current prospects on Low Energy Particle Track Simulation for biomedical applications[J]. Appl Radiat Isot, 2013, 83(B):159-164.
30. LAZARAKIS P, BUG M U, GARGIONI E, et al. Comparison of nanodosimetric parameters of track structure calculated by the Monte Carlo codes Geant4-DNA and PTra[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2012, 57(5):1231-1250.
31. IVANCHENKO N V, INCERTI S, FRANCIS Z, et al. Combination of electromagnetic physics processes for microdosimetry in liquid water with the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2012, 273:95-97.
32. KUNCIC Z, BYRNE H L, MCNAMARA A L, et al. In silico nanodosimetry:new insights into nontargeted biological responses to radiation[J]. Comput Math Methods Med, 2012, 2012:147252.
33. INCERTI S, IVANCHENKO A, KARAMITROS M, et al. Comparison of GEANT4 very low energy cross section models with experimental data in water[J]. Med Phys, 2010, 37(9):4692-4708.
34. SATO T, WATANABE R, KASE Y, et al. Analysis of cell-survival fractions for heavy-ion irradiations based on microdosimetric kinetic model implemented in the particle and heavy ion transport code system[J]. Radiat Prot Dosimetry, 2011, 143(2-4):491-496.
35. NEWHAUSER W D, DURANTE M. Assessing the risk of second malignancies after modern radiotherapy[J]. Nat Rev Cancer, 2011, 11(6):438-448.
36. BYRNE H L, MCNAMARA A L, DOMANOVA W, et al. Radiation damage on sub-cellular scales:beyond DNA[J]. Phys Med Biol, 2013, 58(5):1251-1267.
37. BRAHME A, LIND B K. A systems biology approach to radiation therapy optimization[J]. Radiat Environ Biophys, 2010, 49(2):111-124.

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