A clinical study of the position relationship between the optical fixation and the fovea in healthy adults_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

Cao Zhenzhen ^1,2 ,  Wang Hailin ² , Niu Tongtong ² , Niu Mengdi ¹

1. Postgraduate Training Base of the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang of Jinzhou Medical University, Shenyang 110031, China;
2. Department of Ophthalmology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110031, China;

Corresponding?author：

Wang Hailin, Email: Sysywhl@aliyun.com

Keywords：

Visual fields; Macula lutea/physiology; Tomography, optical coherence; Adult

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20200628-00306

Video：

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Objective To observe the positional relationship between the central fixation point of the retina and the fovea in normal adults.Methods A retrospective clinical study. From August 2019 to January 2020, 100 eyes of 100 normal adults who underwent physical examination at the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang were included in the study. All patients underwent BCVA, diopter, microfield, OCT examination, and axial length (AL) measurement. There were 42 males and 58 females with the average age was 46.4±14.7 years. The average diopter was －1.02±1.99 D, the average AL was 23.22±0.47 mm, the average foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area was 0.38±0.13 mm². The MP-3 microperimetry was used for central fixation examination. After the examination, high-definition fundus images were automatically taken and the central fixation point of the retina were automatically calculated by the equipment. The Nidek Overlay functional multi-mode imaging platform was used to superimpose the images containing the central fixation point of the retina and the macular fovea, the positional relationship between the two was observed, and the distance between the two was measured. Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the distance between the fixation point of the center of the retina and the center of the fovea, age, diopter, and FAZ area of the macula.Results The fixation point of the retinal center of all tested eyes was within the range of the macular fovea, which did not coincide with the center of the macular fovea. Among 100 eyes, the fixation point of the center of the retina were 53, 23, 15, and 9 eyes at the nose, lower, temporal, and upper sides, respectively. The average distance between the fixation point of the center of the retina and the center of the fovea was 158.31±71.56 μm. The distance between the fixation point of the retinal center and the center of the macular fovea and age (r=0.140), diopter (r=－0.009), FAZ area ( r=0.038) were not correlated (P=0.165, 0.932, 0.707) in correlation analysis.Conclusion The central fixation point of normal adult retina is more common on the fovea nasal side.

Citation： Cao Zhenzhen, Wang Hailin, Niu Tongtong, Niu Mengdi. A clinical study of the position relationship between the optical fixation and the fovea in healthy adults. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2020, 36(11): 853-856. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20200628-00306 Copy

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1. 夏德昭, 張忠志. 中心視力和偏心視力是不同性質的兩種視力——兼答與此相關的學術探討和爭鳴[J]. 中華眼底病雜志, 2017, 33(5): 536-538. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2017.05.024.Xia DZ, Zhang ZZ. Central vision and eccentric vision are two different types of vision-and answer the related academic discussions and debates[J]. Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2017, 33(5): 536-538. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2017.05.024.
2. Erbezci M, Ozturk T. Preferred retinal locus locations in age-related macular degeneration[J]. Retina, 2018, 38(12): 2372-2378. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001897.
3. 丁怡, 陳曉. 特發性黃斑裂孔手術前后視功能的MP-1微視野檢查[J]. 中華眼底病雜志, 2012, 28(4): 407-408. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2012.04.024.Ding Y, Chen X. MP-1 microscopic examination of visual function before and after surgery for idiopathic macular hole[J]. Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2012, 28(4): 407-408. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2012.04.024.
4. Putnam NM, Hofer HJ, Doble N, et al. The locus of fixation and the foveal cone mosaic[J]. J Vis, 2005, 5(7): 632-639. DOI: 10.1167/5.7.3.
5. Wilk MA, Dubis AM, Cooper RF, et al. Assessing the spatial relationship between fixation and foveal specializations[J]. Vision Res, 2017, 132: 53-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2016.05.001.
6. Bedell HE, Pratt JD, Krishnan A, et al. Repeatability of nidek MP-1 fixation measurements in patients with bilateral central field loss[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2015, 56(4): 2624-2630. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.15-16511.
7. Zeffren BS, Applegate RA, Bradley A, et al. Retinal fixation point location in the foveal avascular zone[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 1990, 31(10): 2099-2105.
8. Li KY, Tiruveedhula P, Roorda A. Intersubject variability of foveal cone photoreceptor density in relation to eye length[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2010, 51(12): 6858-6867. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.10-5499.
9. Rossi EA, Roorda A. The relationship between visual resolution and cone spacing in the human fovea[J]. Nat Neurosci, 2010, 13(2): 156-157. DOI: 10.1038/nn.2465.
10. Kim DY, Fingler J, Zawadzki RJ, et al. Noninvasive imaging of the foveal avascular zone with high-speed, phase-variance optical coherence tomography[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2012, 53(1): 85-92. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-8249.
11. Nakamoto Y, Takada R, Tanaka M, et al. Quantification of eccentric fixation using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography[J]. Ophthalmic Res, 2018, 60(4): 231-237. DOI: 10.1159/000493487.
12. Bringmann A, Syrbe S, G?rner K, et al. The primate fovea: structure, function and development[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2018, 66: 49-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.03.006.
13. Carvalho LS, Mellough CB. Postmitotic cone migration mechanisms in the mammalian retina[J]. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2019, 1185: 489-493. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-27378-1_80.
14. Poletti M, Listorti C, Rucci M. Microscopic eye movements compensate for nonhomogeneous vision within the fovea[J]. Curr Biol, 2013, 23(17): 1691-1695. DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.07.007.
15. McCamy MB, Otero-Millan J, Macknik SL, et al. Microsaccadic efficacy and contribution to foveal and peripheral vision[J]. J Neurosci, 2012, 32(27): 9194-9204. DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0515-12.2012.
16. 許暢, 毛曉春. 正常人黃斑中央凹無血管區域面積分析[J]. 國際眼科雜志, 2017, 17(3): 499-503. DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2017.3.28.Xu C, Mao XC. Foveal avascular zone area in normal subjects[J]. Int Eye Sci, 2017, 17(3): 499-503. DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2017.3.28.
17. Wang Y, Bensaid N, Tiruveedhula P, et al. Human foveal cone photoreceptor topography and its dependence on eye length[J/OL]. Elife, 2019, 8: 47148[2019-07-26]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31348002/. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.47148.

Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

A clinical study of the position relationship between the optical fixation and the fovea in healthy adults

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