The changes of retinal capillary after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in patients with macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

 Li Jin

Department of Optholmology, The Second Hospital of Shijiazhuang in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050000, China;

Corresponding?author：

Li Jin, Email: 15532107261@163.com

Keywords：

Retinal vein occlusion/complications; Macular edema/drug therapy; Angiogenesis inhibitors/therapeutic use; Capillaries; Review

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20180427-00282

Video：

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At present, intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents is the main method for the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO), which can significantly inhibit neovascularization, release macular edema and improve the vision of patients. However, VEGF is a survival factor of vascular endothelial cells, whether it can lead to the progress of retinal ischemia and it has an effect on retinal capillaries deserves our clinical attention. Most scholars currently think that the anti-VEGF agents will not aggravate the occlusion of retinal capillaries in the treatment of macular edema secondary to RVO from the aspects of the changes of perifoveal capillary arcade, the quantification of foveal avascular zone area, retinal nonperfusion area and retinal vascular density of the superficial and deep capillary plexus In addition, the changes of these indicators may be related to the number of times patients need treatment, visual prognosis and so on. In the future, with the gradual popularization of OCT angiography and the prolongation of the number and time of anti VEGF drug treatment, we look forward to the study of larger samples and longer follow-up time to further analyze the influence of the retinal capillary after anti-VEGF therapy in patients with macular edema associated with RVO.

Citation： Li Jin. The changes of retinal capillary after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in patients with macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2020, 36(3): 253-255. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20180427-00282 Copy

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2.	Parodi MB, Visintin F, Della RP, et al. Foveal avascular zone in macular branch retinal vein occlusion[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 1995, 19(1): 25-28. DOI: 10.1007/BF00156415.
3.	Nobre CJ, Keane PA, Sim DA, et al. Systematic evaluation of optical coherence tomography angiography in retinal vein occlusion[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2016, 163: 93-107. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.11.025.
4.	Samara WA, Shahlaee A, Sridhar J, et al. Quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography features and visual function in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2016, 166: 76-83. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2016.03.033.
5.	Suzuki N, Hirano Y, Tomiyasu T, et al. Retinal hemodynamics seen on optical coherence tomography angiography before and after treatment of retinal vein occlusion[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2016, 57(13): 5681-5687. DOI: 10.1167/iovs-16-20648.
6.	Ghasemi FK, Iafe NA, Hubschman JP, et al. Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis of the foveal avascular zone and macular vessel density after anti-VEGF therapy in eyes with diabetic macular edema and retinal vein occlusion[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2017, 58(1): 30-34. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-20579.
7.	Michaelides M, Fraser-Bell S, Hamilton R, et al. Macular perfusion determined by fundus fluorescein angiography at the 4-month time point in a prospective randomized trial of intravitreal bevacizumab or laser therapy in the management of diabetic macular edema (Bolt Study): report 1[J]. Retina, 2010, 30(5): 781-786. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181d2f145.
8.	Balaratnasingam C, Inoue M, Ahn S, et al. Visual acuity is correlated with the area of the foveal avascular zone in diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion[J]. Ophthalmology, 2016, 123(11): 2352-2367. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.07.008.
9.	Campochiaro PA, Bhisitkul RB, Shapiro H, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor promotes progressive retinal nonperfusion in patients with retinal vein occlusion[J]. Ophthalmology, 2013, 120(4): 795-802. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.09.032.
10.	Ou WC, Lampen SIR, Wykoff CC. Longitudinal quantification of retinal nonperfusion in the macula of eyes with retinal vein occlusion receiving anti-VEGF therapy: secondary analysis of the WAVE randomized trial[J]. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina, 2018, 49(4): 258-264. DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20180329-08.
11.	Abri AK, Reznicek L, Soltan SM, et al. Anti-VEGF treatment and peripheral retinal nonperfusion in patients with central retinal vein occlusion[J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2017, 11: 331-336. DOI: 10.2147/opth.s125486.
12.	Spaide RF. Peripheral areas of nonperfusion in treated central retinal vein occlusion as imaged by wide-field fluorescein angiography[J]. Retina, 2011, 31(5): 829-837. DOI: 10.1097/iae.0b013e31820c841e.
13.	Sellam A, Glacet-Bernard A, Coscas F, et al. Qualitative and quantitative follow-up using optical coherence tomography angiography of retinal vein occlusion treated with anti-VEGF: optical coherencetomography angiography follow-up of retinal vein occlusion[J]. Retina, 2017, 37(6): 1176-1184. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001334.
14.	李可嘉, 喻曉兵, 戴虹. 視網膜分支靜脈阻塞繼發黃斑水腫抗血管內皮生長因子藥物治療前后黃斑區微血管結構改變[J]. 中華眼底病雜志, 2019, 35(1): 25-30. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.01.006.Li KJ, Yu XB, Dai H. The alterations of microvascular structure in branch retinal vein occlusion eyes before and after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drug therapy[J]. Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2019, 35(1): 25-30. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.01.006.
15.	Tan PE, Yu PK, Balaratnasingam C, et al. Quantitative confocal imaging of the retinal microvasculature in the human retina[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2012, 53(9): 5728-5736. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-22542.

1. Clarhson J. Natural history and clinical management of central retinal vein occlusion[J]. Arch Ophthalmol, 1997, 115(4): 486-491. DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1997.01100150488006.
2. Parodi MB, Visintin F, Della RP, et al. Foveal avascular zone in macular branch retinal vein occlusion[J]. Int Ophthalmol, 1995, 19(1): 25-28. DOI: 10.1007/BF00156415.
3. Nobre CJ, Keane PA, Sim DA, et al. Systematic evaluation of optical coherence tomography angiography in retinal vein occlusion[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2016, 163: 93-107. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.11.025.
4. Samara WA, Shahlaee A, Sridhar J, et al. Quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography features and visual function in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2016, 166: 76-83. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2016.03.033.
5. Suzuki N, Hirano Y, Tomiyasu T, et al. Retinal hemodynamics seen on optical coherence tomography angiography before and after treatment of retinal vein occlusion[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2016, 57(13): 5681-5687. DOI: 10.1167/iovs-16-20648.
6. Ghasemi FK, Iafe NA, Hubschman JP, et al. Optical coherence tomography angiography analysis of the foveal avascular zone and macular vessel density after anti-VEGF therapy in eyes with diabetic macular edema and retinal vein occlusion[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2017, 58(1): 30-34. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-20579.
7. Michaelides M, Fraser-Bell S, Hamilton R, et al. Macular perfusion determined by fundus fluorescein angiography at the 4-month time point in a prospective randomized trial of intravitreal bevacizumab or laser therapy in the management of diabetic macular edema (Bolt Study): report 1[J]. Retina, 2010, 30(5): 781-786. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181d2f145.
8. Balaratnasingam C, Inoue M, Ahn S, et al. Visual acuity is correlated with the area of the foveal avascular zone in diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion[J]. Ophthalmology, 2016, 123(11): 2352-2367. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.07.008.
9. Campochiaro PA, Bhisitkul RB, Shapiro H, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor promotes progressive retinal nonperfusion in patients with retinal vein occlusion[J]. Ophthalmology, 2013, 120(4): 795-802. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2012.09.032.
10. Ou WC, Lampen SIR, Wykoff CC. Longitudinal quantification of retinal nonperfusion in the macula of eyes with retinal vein occlusion receiving anti-VEGF therapy: secondary analysis of the WAVE randomized trial[J]. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina, 2018, 49(4): 258-264. DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20180329-08.
11. Abri AK, Reznicek L, Soltan SM, et al. Anti-VEGF treatment and peripheral retinal nonperfusion in patients with central retinal vein occlusion[J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2017, 11: 331-336. DOI: 10.2147/opth.s125486.
12. Spaide RF. Peripheral areas of nonperfusion in treated central retinal vein occlusion as imaged by wide-field fluorescein angiography[J]. Retina, 2011, 31(5): 829-837. DOI: 10.1097/iae.0b013e31820c841e.
13. Sellam A, Glacet-Bernard A, Coscas F, et al. Qualitative and quantitative follow-up using optical coherence tomography angiography of retinal vein occlusion treated with anti-VEGF: optical coherencetomography angiography follow-up of retinal vein occlusion[J]. Retina, 2017, 37(6): 1176-1184. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001334.
14. 李可嘉, 喻曉兵, 戴虹. 視網膜分支靜脈阻塞繼發黃斑水腫抗血管內皮生長因子藥物治療前后黃斑區微血管結構改變[J]. 中華眼底病雜志, 2019, 35(1): 25-30. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.01.006.Li KJ, Yu XB, Dai H. The alterations of microvascular structure in branch retinal vein occlusion eyes before and after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drug therapy[J]. Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2019, 35(1): 25-30. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.01.006.
15. Tan PE, Yu PK, Balaratnasingam C, et al. Quantitative confocal imaging of the retinal microvasculature in the human retina[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2012, 53(9): 5728-5736. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-22542.

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